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15    
16      <h2>Built-In Functions</h2>      <h2>Built-In Functions</h2>
17      <p>      <p>
18        These are the built-in functions available with the NKSP realt-time        These are the built-in functions available with the NKSP real-time
19        instrument script language.        instrument script language.
20      </p>      </p>
21    
# Line 28  Line 28 
28          <th>Function</th> <th>Description</th>          <th>Function</th> <th>Description</th>
29        </tr>        </tr>
30        <tr>        <tr>
31          <td><code>message()</code></td>          <td><code lang="nksp">abort()</code></td>
32            <td>Stops execution of a script callback.</td>
33          </tr>
34          <tr>
35            <td><code lang="nksp">array_equal()</code></td>
36            <td>Check whether two arrays are equal.</td>
37          </tr>
38          <tr>
39            <td><code lang="nksp">dec()</code></td>
40            <td>Decrements the passed integer variable by one.</td>
41          </tr>
42          <tr>
43            <td><code>inc()</code></td>
44            <td>Increments the passed integer variable by one.</td>
45          </tr>
46          <tr>
47            <td><code>in_range()</code></td>
48            <td>Checks whether a value is between two other values.</td>
49          </tr>
50          <tr>
51            <td><code lang="nksp">message()</code></td>
52          <td>Prints text to the sampler's terminal.</td>          <td>Prints text to the sampler's terminal.</td>
53        </tr>        </tr>
54        <tr>        <tr>
55            <td><code>search()</code></td>
56            <td>Search for a certain value within an array.</td>
57          </tr>
58          <tr>
59            <td><code>sort()</code></td>
60            <td>Sort the given array.</td>
61          </tr>
62          <tr>
63          <td><code>exit()</code></td>          <td><code>exit()</code></td>
64          <td>Stops execution of the current event handler instance.</td>          <td>Stops execution of the current event handler instance.</td>
65        </tr>        </tr>
# Line 40  Line 68 
68          <td>Pauses execution for a certain amount of time.</td>          <td>Pauses execution for a certain amount of time.</td>
69        </tr>        </tr>
70        <tr>        <tr>
71            <td><code>stop_wait()</code></td>
72            <td>Resumes execution of a suspended script callback.</td>
73          </tr>
74          <tr>
75          <td><code>abs()</code></td>          <td><code>abs()</code></td>
76          <td>Calculates the absolute value of a given value.</td>          <td>Calculates the absolute value of a given value.</td>
77        </tr>        </tr>
# Line 48  Line 80 
80          <td>Random number generator.</td>          <td>Random number generator.</td>
81        </tr>        </tr>
82        <tr>        <tr>
83            <td><code>min()</code></td>
84            <td>Calculates the minimum value of two given values.</td>
85          </tr>
86          <tr>
87            <td><code>max()</code></td>
88            <td>Calculates the maximum value of two given values.</td>
89          </tr>
90          <tr>
91          <td><code>num_elements()</code></td>          <td><code>num_elements()</code></td>
92          <td>Returns the size of the requested array variable.</td>          <td>Returns the size of the requested array variable.</td>
93        </tr>        </tr>
94          <tr>
95            <td><code>sh_left()</code></td>
96            <td>Calculates a left bit shifted value.</td>
97          </tr>
98          <tr>
99            <td><code>sh_right()</code></td>
100            <td>Calculates a right bit shifted value.</td>
101          </tr>
102      </table>      </table>
103            
104      <h3>Common Sampler Functions</h3>      <h3>Common Sampler Functions</h3>
# Line 67  Line 115 
115          <td>Triggers a new note.</td>          <td>Triggers a new note.</td>
116        </tr>        </tr>
117        <tr>        <tr>
118            <td><code>change_note()</code></td>
119            <td>Change MIDI note number of note.</td>
120          </tr>
121          <tr>
122            <td><code>change_pan()</code></td>
123            <td>Changes panning of voices (stereo balance).</td>
124          </tr>
125          <tr>
126            <td><code>change_play_pos()</code></td>
127            <td>Change the sample playback position.</td>
128          </tr>
129          <tr>
130            <td><code>change_tune()</code></td>
131            <td>Changes the tuning of voices.</td>
132          </tr>
133          <tr>
134            <td><code>change_tune_time()</code></td>
135            <td>Changes the duration of tuning changes.</td>
136          </tr>
137          <tr>
138            <td><code>change_tune_curve()</code></td>
139            <td>Changes the curve type of tuning changes.</td>
140          </tr>
141          <tr>
142            <td><code>change_vol()</code></td>
143            <td>Changes the volume of voices.</td>
144          </tr>
145          <tr>
146            <td><code>change_vol_time()</code></td>
147            <td>Changes the duration of volume changes.</td>
148          </tr>
149          <tr>
150            <td><code>change_vol_curve()</code></td>
151            <td>Changes the curve type of volume changes.</td>
152          </tr>
153          <tr>
154            <td><code>change_cutoff()</code></td>
155            <td>Changes filter cutoff frequency of voices.</td>
156          </tr>
157          <tr>
158            <td><code>change_reso()</code></td>
159            <td>Changes filter resonance of voices.</td>
160          </tr>
161          <tr>
162            <td><code>change_attack()</code></td>
163            <td>Modifies the attack time of voices.</td>
164          </tr>
165          <tr>
166            <td><code>change_decay()</code></td>
167            <td>Modifies the decay time of voices.</td>
168          </tr>
169          <tr>
170            <td><code>change_release()</code></td>
171            <td>Modifies the release time of voices.</td>
172          </tr>
173          <tr>
174            <td><code>change_amp_lfo_depth()</code></td>
175            <td>Modifies the amplitude LFO depth.</td>
176          </tr>
177          <tr>
178            <td><code>change_amp_lfo_freq()</code></td>
179            <td>Modifies the amplitude LFO frequency.</td>
180          </tr>
181          <tr>
182            <td><code>change_pitch_lfo_depth()</code></td>
183            <td>Modifies the pitch LFO depth.</td>
184          </tr>
185          <tr>
186            <td><code>change_pitch_lfo_freq()</code></td>
187            <td>Modifies the pitch LFO frequency.</td>
188          </tr>
189          <tr>
190            <td><code>change_velo()</code></td>
191            <td>Change MIDI velocity of note.</td>
192          </tr>
193          <tr>
194            <td><code>event_status()</code></td>
195            <td>Checks and returns whether a particular note is still alive.</td>
196          </tr>
197          <tr>
198            <td><code>fade_in()</code></td>
199            <td>Fade the requested note in.</td>
200          </tr>
201          <tr>
202            <td><code>fade_out()</code></td>
203            <td>Fade the requested note out.</td>
204          </tr>
205          <tr>
206            <td><code>get_event_par()</code></td>
207            <td>Get the current value of a specific note parameter.</td>
208          </tr>
209          <tr>
210            <td><code>set_event_par()</code></td>
211            <td>Change the value of a specific note parameter.</td>
212          </tr>
213          <tr>
214          <td><code>set_controller()</code></td>          <td><code>set_controller()</code></td>
215          <td>Creates a MIDI control change event.</td>          <td>Creates a MIDI control change event.</td>
216        </tr>        </tr>
# Line 109  Line 253 
253          <td><code>gig_set_dim_zone()</code></td>          <td><code>gig_set_dim_zone()</code></td>
254          <td>Changes the currently active dimension zone.</td>          <td>Changes the currently active dimension zone.</td>
255        </tr>        </tr>
256          <tr>
257            <td><code>same_region()</code></td>
258            <td>Check whether two keys are mapped to the same region.</td>
259          </tr>
260      </table>      </table>
261    
262      <h2>Built-In Variables</h2>      <h2>Built-In Variables</h2>
# Line 116  Line 264 
264        These are the built-in variables and built-in constants available with the        These are the built-in variables and built-in constants available with the
265        NKSP realt-time instrument script language.        NKSP realt-time instrument script language.
266      </p>      </p>
267        
268        <h3>Core Language Variables</h3>
269        <p>
270          Most fundamental NKSP built-in variables, independent from any purpose of
271          being used in a sampler.
272        </p>
273        <table>
274          <tr>
275            <th>Variable</th> <th>Description</th>
276          </tr>
277          <tr>
278            <td><code>$KSP_TIMER</code></td>
279            <td>Preserved for compatiblity reasons with KSP, returns the same value
280               as <code>$NKSP_REAL_TIMER</code> (refer to the latter for details).
281               Note that KSP's <code>reset_ksp_timer()</code> function is not available with
282               NKSP. However when calculating time differences between two time
283               stamps taken with <code>$NKSP_REAL_TIMER</code>, calling such a reset
284               function is not required, because the underlying clock does not stop
285               when it reached its value limit (which happens every 71 minutes), instead the clock
286               will automatically restart from zero and the calculated time difference
287               even between such transitions will reflect correct durations.</td>
288          </tr>
289          <tr>
290            <td><code>$NKSP_PERF_TIMER</code></td>
291            <td>Returns the current performance time stamp (in microseconds) of the
292                script running. You may read this variable from time to time to take
293                time stamps which can be used to calculate the time difference
294                (in microseconds) which elapsed between them. A performance time
295                stamp is based on the script's actual CPU execution time. So the
296                internal clock which is used for generating such time stamps is only
297                running forward if the respective script is actually executed by the
298                CPU. Whenever your script is not really executed by the CPU (i.e. because
299                your script got suspended by a wait() call or got forcely suspended due to
300                real-time constraints, or when the entire sampler application got suspended
301                by the OS for other applications or OS tasks) then the underlying internal
302                clock is paused as well.
303                <note class="important">
304                  You should only use this built-in variable for script development
305                  purposes (i.e. for bench marking the performance of your script).
306                  You should <b>not</b> use it with your final production sounds!
307                  It is not appropriate for being used in a musical context, because
308                  when an offline bounce is performed for instance, the musical timing
309                  will be completely unrelated to the CPU execution time. Plus using
310                  this variable may cause audio drop outs on some systems. In a musical
311                  context you should use <code>$ENGINE_UPTIME</code> instead, which is
312                  also safe for offline bounces.
313                </note>
314                <note>
315                  On some systems <code>$NKSP_REAL_TIMER</code> and
316                  <code>$NKSP_PERF_TIMER</code> will actually return the same value. So the
317                  difference between them is not implemented for all systems at the moment.
318                </note>
319            </td>
320          </tr>
321          <tr>
322            <td><code>$NKSP_REAL_TIMER</code></td>
323            <td>Returns the current time stamp in reality (in microseconds). You may
324                read this variable from time to time to take
325                time stamps which can be used to calculate the time difference
326                (in microseconds) which elapsed between them. A "real" time
327                stamp is based on an internal clock which constantly proceeds, so this
328                internal clock also continues counting while your script is either suspended
329                (i.e. because your script got suspended by a wait() call or got forcely
330                suspended due to real-time constraints) and it also continues counting
331                even if the entire sampler application got suspended by the OS (i.e. to
332                execute other applications for multi-tasking or to perform OS tasks).
333                <note class="important">
334                  You should only use this built-in variable for script development
335                  purposes (i.e. for bench marking the performance of your script).
336                  You should <b>not</b> use it with your final production sounds!
337                  It is not appropriate for being used in a musical context, because
338                  when an offline bounce is performed for instance, the musical timing
339                  will be completely unrelated to the CPU execution time. Plus using
340                  this variable may cause audio drop outs on some systems. In a musical
341                  context you should use <code>$ENGINE_UPTIME</code> instead, which is
342                  also safe for offline bounces.
343                </note>
344                <note>
345                  On some systems <code>$NKSP_REAL_TIMER</code> and
346                  <code>$NKSP_PERF_TIMER</code> will actually return the same value. So the
347                  difference between them is not implemented for all systems at the moment.
348                </note>
349            </td>
350          </tr>
351          <tr>
352            <td><code>$NI_CALLBACK_ID</code></td>
353            <td>Reflects the current event handler instance's unique callback ID.
354                For the same event type there may be more than
355                one event handler instances running. Each one of them has
356                its own callback ID. You can get the current event handler
357                instance's callback ID by reading this built-in variable.</td>
358          </tr>
359          <tr>
360            <td><code>$NI_CALLBACK_TYPE</code></td>
361            <td>Reflects the event type of the current event handler. This variable
362                may reflect one of the following built-in constants:
363                <code>$NI_CB_TYPE_INIT</code>, <code>$NI_CB_TYPE_NOTE</code>,
364                <code>$NI_CB_TYPE_RELEASE</code>, <code>$NI_CB_TYPE_CONTROLLER</code>.</td>
365          </tr>
366          <tr>
367            <td><code>$NI_CB_TYPE_INIT</code></td>
368            <td>Built-in constant reflecting an <code>init</code> event handler type.</td>
369          </tr>
370          <tr>
371            <td><code>$NI_CB_TYPE_NOTE</code></td>
372            <td>Built-in constant reflecting a <code>note</code> event handler type.</td>
373          </tr>
374          <tr>
375            <td><code>$NI_CB_TYPE_RELEASE</code></td>
376            <td>Built-in constant reflecting a <code>release</code> event handler type.</td>
377          </tr>
378          <tr>
379            <td><code>$NI_CB_TYPE_CONTROLLER</code></td>
380            <td>Built-in constant reflecting a <code>controller</code> event handler type.</td>
381          </tr>
382          <tr>
383            <td><code>$NKSP_IGNORE_WAIT</code></td>
384            <td>If this boolean built-in variable is <code>1</code> then all calls of your
385                event handler instance to function <code>wait()</code> will be ignored.
386                This may for example be the case if another event handler instance
387                resumed your paused script by calling <code>stop_wait()</code> and
388                passing <code>1</code> to the 2nd argument of that function.</td>
389          </tr>
390        </table>
391    
392      <h3>Common Sampler Variables</h3>      <h3>Common Sampler Variables</h3>
393      <p>      <p>
394        Basic sampler related built-in variables and constants, independent from a        Basic sampler related built-in variables and constants, independent from a
# Line 127  Line 399 
399          <th>Variable</th> <th>Description</th>          <th>Variable</th> <th>Description</th>
400        </tr>        </tr>
401        <tr>        <tr>
402            <td><code>%ALL_EVENTS</code></td>
403            <td>
404              Note IDs of all currently active notes of the current sampler part (a.k.a. sampler channel).
405              This may be passed to many built-in functions like <code>note_off()</code>.
406              This array variable only contains IDs of notes which were launched due
407              to MIDI note-on events. This variable does not contain IDs of child notes
408              (i.e. notes which were launched programmatically by calling <code>play_note()</code>).
409              <note>
410                In contrast to KSP this variable is an integer array type, whereas KSP's
411                pendent of this built-in variable is an integer constant (scalar) called
412                <code>$ALL_EVENTS</code>. Using the latter with NKSP will cause a
413                parser warning, the behavior will be the same though.
414              </note>
415            </td>
416          </tr>
417          <tr>
418          <td><code>$CC_NUM</code></td>          <td><code>$CC_NUM</code></td>
419          <td>MIDI controller number that caused the <code>controller</code>          <td>MIDI controller number that caused the <code>controller</code>
420              handler to be executed (only useful in the context of a              handler to be executed (only useful in the context of a
# Line 160  Line 448 
448              <code>note</code> or <code>release</code> handler).</td>              <code>note</code> or <code>release</code> handler).</td>
449        </tr>        </tr>
450        <tr>        <tr>
451            <td><code>$EVENT_STATUS_INACTIVE</code></td>
452            <td>Constant bit flag used as possible return value by
453                <code>event_status()</code> in case the requested
454                note is not "alive".</td>
455          </tr>
456          <tr>
457            <td><code>$EVENT_STATUS_NOTE_QUEUE</code></td>
458            <td>Constant bit flag used as possible return value by
459                <code>event_status()</code> in case the requested
460                note is still "alive".</td>
461          </tr>
462          <tr>
463            <td><code>$EVENT_PAR_NOTE</code></td>
464            <td>Constant value symbolizing the "note number" parameter. See
465                <code>get_event_par()</code> and <code>set_event_par()</code>
466                for details.</td>
467          </tr>
468          <tr>
469            <td><code>$EVENT_PAR_TUNE</code></td>
470            <td>Constant value symbolizing the "tune" parameter. See
471                <code>get_event_par()</code> and <code>set_event_par()</code>
472                for details.</td>
473          </tr>
474          <tr>
475            <td><code>$EVENT_PAR_VELOCITY</code></td>
476            <td>Constant value symbolizing the "note velocity" parameter. See
477                <code>get_event_par()</code> and <code>set_event_par()</code>
478                for details.</td>
479          </tr>
480          <tr>
481            <td><code>$EVENT_PAR_VOLUME</code></td>
482            <td>Constant value symbolizing the "volume" parameter. See
483                <code>get_event_par()</code> and <code>set_event_par()</code>
484                for details.</td>
485          </tr>
486          <tr>
487            <td><code>$EVENT_PAR_0</code> to <code>$EVENT_PAR_3</code></td>
488            <td>Four constant values symbolizing the 4 possible user specific
489                parameters, which i.e. might be used to pass data from one script
490                (slot) to another script (slot). See  <code>get_event_par()</code>
491                and <code>set_event_par()</code> for details.</td>
492          </tr>
493          <tr>
494          <td><code>%KEY_DOWN[]</code></td>          <td><code>%KEY_DOWN[]</code></td>
495          <td>This can be used in any context to check whether a certain MIDI          <td>This can be used in any context to check whether a certain MIDI
496              key is currently pressed down. Use the respective MIDI note number              key is currently pressed down. Use the respective MIDI note number
497              as index to this array variable.</td>              as index to this array variable (see also <code>event_status()</code>).</td>
498          </tr>
499          <tr>
500            <td><code>$NKSP_EASE_IN_EASE_OUT</code></td>
501            <td>Used to select a fade curve with "ease in and ease out" shape.</td>
502          </tr>
503          <tr>
504            <td><code>$NKSP_LINEAR</code></td>
505            <td>Used to select a fade curve with linear shape.</td>
506        </tr>        </tr>
507        <tr>        <tr>
508          <td><code>$VCC_MONO_AT</code></td>          <td><code>$VCC_MONO_AT</code></td>
# Line 183  Line 522 
522              This is somewhat different than in the MIDI standard. With              This is somewhat different than in the MIDI standard. With
523              NKSP pitch bend is handled like an additional "regular" MIDI CC controller.              NKSP pitch bend is handled like an additional "regular" MIDI CC controller.
524              Therefore use              Therefore use
525              <code>%CC[$VCC_PITCH_BEND]</code> to obtain the current aftertouch value              <code>%CC[$VCC_PITCH_BEND]</code> to obtain the current pitch bend wheel value
526              in the context of a <code>controller</code> event handler.</td>              in the context of a <code>controller</code> event handler.</td>
527        </tr>        </tr>
528        <tr>        <tr>
# Line 191  Line 530 
530          <td>Used to select one of the available 28 event groups.          <td>Used to select one of the available 28 event groups.
531          See <code>set_event_mark()</code> for details.</td>          See <code>set_event_mark()</code> for details.</td>
532        </tr>        </tr>
533          <tr>
534            <td><code>$ENGINE_UPTIME</code></td>
535            <td>Returns the current time stamp (in milliseconds) for being
536                used in a musical context. You may read this variable from time to time
537                to take time stamps which can be used to calculate the time difference
538                (in milliseconds) which elapsed between them. These timing values are
539                based on the internal sample rate and thus it can safely be used to
540                perform musical timing related tasks in your scripts. Especially
541                your script will also continue to behave correctly when an offline bounce
542                of a song is performed.
543            </td>
544          </tr>
545      </table>      </table>
546    
547      <h3>GigaStudio Format Variables</h3>      <h3>GigaStudio Format Variables</h3>
# Line 227  Line 578 
578          <td>Constant that identifies the <i>keyboard position dimension</i>.</td>          <td>Constant that identifies the <i>keyboard position dimension</i>.</td>
579        </tr>        </tr>
580        <tr>        <tr>
581          <td><code>$GIG_DIM_ROUNDROBIN"</code></td>          <td><code>$GIG_DIM_ROUNDROBIN</code></td>
582          <td>Constant that identifies the <i>round robin dimension</i>.</td>          <td>Constant that identifies the <i>round robin dimension</i>.</td>
583        </tr>        </tr>
584        <tr>        <tr>

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