/[svn]/libgig/trunk/src/gig.cpp

Diff of /libgig/trunk/src/gig.cpp

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-revision 27 by schoenebeck,
Thu Jan  1 23:46:41 2004 UTC
+revision 823 by schoenebeck,
Fri Dec 23 01:38:50 2005 UTC
 Line 2
   *                                                                         *
   *   libgig - C++ cross-platform Gigasampler format file loader library    *
   *                                                                         *
-  *   Copyright (C) 2003 by Christian Schoenebeck                           *
+  *   Copyright (C) 2003-2005 by Christian Schoenebeck                      *
-  *                         <cuse@users.sourceforge.net>                    *
+  *                              <cuse@users.sourceforge.net>               *
   *                                                                         *
   *   This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify  *
   *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by  *
 Line 23
  #include "gig.h"
+ #include "helper.h"
+ #include <math.h>
+ #include <iostream>
+ /// Initial size of the sample buffer which is used for decompression of
+ /// compressed sample wave streams - this value should always be bigger than
+ /// the biggest sample piece expected to be read by the sampler engine,
+ /// otherwise the buffer size will be raised at runtime and thus the buffer
+ /// reallocated which is time consuming and unefficient.
+ #define INITIAL_SAMPLE_BUFFER_SIZE              512000 // 512 kB
+ /** (so far) every exponential paramater in the gig format has a basis of 1.000000008813822 */
+ #define GIG_EXP_DECODE(x)                       (pow(1.000000008813822, x))
+ #define GIG_EXP_ENCODE(x)                       (log(x) / log(1.000000008813822))
+ #define GIG_PITCH_TRACK_EXTRACT(x)              (!(x & 0x01))
+ #define GIG_PITCH_TRACK_ENCODE(x)               ((x) ? 0x00 : 0x01)
+ #define GIG_VCF_RESONANCE_CTRL_EXTRACT(x)       ((x >> 4) & 0x03)
+ #define GIG_VCF_RESONANCE_CTRL_ENCODE(x)        ((x & 0x03) << 4)
+ #define GIG_EG_CTR_ATTACK_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(x)  ((x >> 1) & 0x03)
+ #define GIG_EG_CTR_DECAY_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(x)   ((x >> 3) & 0x03)
+ #define GIG_EG_CTR_RELEASE_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(x) ((x >> 5) & 0x03)
+ #define GIG_EG_CTR_ATTACK_INFLUENCE_ENCODE(x)   ((x & 0x03) << 1)
+ #define GIG_EG_CTR_DECAY_INFLUENCE_ENCODE(x)    ((x & 0x03) << 3)
+ #define GIG_EG_CTR_RELEASE_INFLUENCE_ENCODE(x)  ((x & 0x03) << 5)
  namespace gig {
+ // *************** dimension_def_t ***************
+ // *
+     dimension_def_t& dimension_def_t::operator=(const dimension_def_t& arg) {
+         dimension  = arg.dimension;
+         bits       = arg.bits;
+         zones      = arg.zones;
+         split_type = arg.split_type;
+         ranges     = arg.ranges;
+         zone_size  = arg.zone_size;
+         if (ranges) {
+             ranges = new range_t[zones];
+             for (int i = 0; i < zones; i++)
+                 ranges[i] = arg.ranges[i];
+         }
+         return *this;
+     }
+ // *************** progress_t ***************
+ // *
+     progress_t::progress_t() {
+         callback    = NULL;
+         custom      = NULL;
+         __range_min = 0.0f;
+         __range_max = 1.0f;
+     }
+     // private helper function to convert progress of a subprocess into the global progress
+     static void __notify_progress(progress_t* pProgress, float subprogress) {
+         if (pProgress && pProgress->callback) {
+             const float totalrange    = pProgress->__range_max - pProgress->__range_min;
+             const float totalprogress = pProgress->__range_min + subprogress * totalrange;
+             pProgress->factor         = totalprogress;
+             pProgress->callback(pProgress); // now actually notify about the progress
+         }
+     }
+     // private helper function to divide a progress into subprogresses
+     static void __divide_progress(progress_t* pParentProgress, progress_t* pSubProgress, float totalTasks, float currentTask) {
+         if (pParentProgress && pParentProgress->callback) {
+             const float totalrange    = pParentProgress->__range_max - pParentProgress->__range_min;
+             pSubProgress->callback    = pParentProgress->callback;
+             pSubProgress->custom      = pParentProgress->custom;
+             pSubProgress->__range_min = pParentProgress->__range_min + totalrange * currentTask / totalTasks;
+             pSubProgress->__range_max = pSubProgress->__range_min + totalrange / totalTasks;
+         }
+     }
+ // *************** Internal functions for sample decompression ***************
+ // *
+ namespace {
+     inline int get12lo(const unsigned char* pSrc)
+     {
+         const int x = pSrc[0] | (pSrc[1] & 0x0f) << 8;
+         return x & 0x800 ? x - 0x1000 : x;
+     }
+     inline int get12hi(const unsigned char* pSrc)
+     {
+         const int x = pSrc[1] >> 4 | pSrc[2] << 4;
+         return x & 0x800 ? x - 0x1000 : x;
+     }
+     inline int16_t get16(const unsigned char* pSrc)
+     {
+         return int16_t(pSrc[0] | pSrc[1] << 8);
+     }
+     inline int get24(const unsigned char* pSrc)
+     {
+         const int x = pSrc[0] | pSrc[1] << 8 | pSrc[2] << 16;
+         return x & 0x800000 ? x - 0x1000000 : x;
+     }
+     void Decompress16(int compressionmode, const unsigned char* params,
+                       int srcStep, int dstStep,
+                       const unsigned char* pSrc, int16_t* pDst,
+                       unsigned long currentframeoffset,
+                       unsigned long copysamples)
+     {
+         switch (compressionmode) {
+             case 0: // 16 bit uncompressed
+                 pSrc += currentframeoffset * srcStep;
+                 while (copysamples) {
+                     *pDst = get16(pSrc);
+                     pDst += dstStep;
+                     pSrc += srcStep;
+                     copysamples--;
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case 1: // 16 bit compressed to 8 bit
+                 int y  = get16(params);
+                 int dy = get16(params + 2);
+                 while (currentframeoffset) {
+                     dy -= int8_t(*pSrc);
+                     y  -= dy;
+                     pSrc += srcStep;
+                     currentframeoffset--;
+                 }
+                 while (copysamples) {
+                     dy -= int8_t(*pSrc);
+                     y  -= dy;
+                     *pDst = y;
+                     pDst += dstStep;
+                     pSrc += srcStep;
+                     copysamples--;
+                 }
+                 break;
+         }
+     }
+     void Decompress24(int compressionmode, const unsigned char* params,
+                       int dstStep, const unsigned char* pSrc, int16_t* pDst,
+                       unsigned long currentframeoffset,
+                       unsigned long copysamples, int truncatedBits)
+     {
+         // Note: The 24 bits are truncated to 16 bits for now.
+         int y, dy, ddy, dddy;
+         const int shift = 8 - truncatedBits;
+ #define GET_PARAMS(params)                      \
+         y    = get24(params);                   \
+         dy   = y - get24((params) + 3);         \
+         ddy  = get24((params) + 6);             \
+         dddy = get24((params) + 9)
+ #define SKIP_ONE(x)                             \
+         dddy -= (x);                            \
+         ddy  -= dddy;                           \
+         dy   =  -dy - ddy;                      \
+         y    += dy
+ #define COPY_ONE(x)                             \
+         SKIP_ONE(x);                            \
+         *pDst = y >> shift;                     \
+         pDst += dstStep
+         switch (compressionmode) {
+             case 2: // 24 bit uncompressed
+                 pSrc += currentframeoffset * 3;
+                 while (copysamples) {
+                     *pDst = get24(pSrc) >> shift;
+                     pDst += dstStep;
+                     pSrc += 3;
+                     copysamples--;
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case 3: // 24 bit compressed to 16 bit
+                 GET_PARAMS(params);
+                 while (currentframeoffset) {
+                     SKIP_ONE(get16(pSrc));
+                     pSrc += 2;
+                     currentframeoffset--;
+                 }
+                 while (copysamples) {
+                     COPY_ONE(get16(pSrc));
+                     pSrc += 2;
+                     copysamples--;
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case 4: // 24 bit compressed to 12 bit
+                 GET_PARAMS(params);
+                 while (currentframeoffset > 1) {
+                     SKIP_ONE(get12lo(pSrc));
+                     SKIP_ONE(get12hi(pSrc));
+                     pSrc += 3;
+                     currentframeoffset -= 2;
+                 }
+                 if (currentframeoffset) {
+                     SKIP_ONE(get12lo(pSrc));
+                     currentframeoffset--;
+                     if (copysamples) {
+                         COPY_ONE(get12hi(pSrc));
+                         pSrc += 3;
+                         copysamples--;
+                     }
+                 }
+                 while (copysamples > 1) {
+                     COPY_ONE(get12lo(pSrc));
+                     COPY_ONE(get12hi(pSrc));
+                     pSrc += 3;
+                     copysamples -= 2;
+                 }
+                 if (copysamples) {
+                     COPY_ONE(get12lo(pSrc));
+                 }
+                 break;
+             case 5: // 24 bit compressed to 8 bit
+                 GET_PARAMS(params);
+                 while (currentframeoffset) {
+                     SKIP_ONE(int8_t(*pSrc++));
+                     currentframeoffset--;
+                 }
+                 while (copysamples) {
+                     COPY_ONE(int8_t(*pSrc++));
+                     copysamples--;
+                 }
+                 break;
+         }
+     }
+     const int bytesPerFrame[] =      { 4096, 2052, 768, 524, 396, 268 };
+     const int bytesPerFrameNoHdr[] = { 4096, 2048, 768, 512, 384, 256 };
+     const int headerSize[] =         { 0, 4, 0, 12, 12, 12 };
+     const int bitsPerSample[] =      { 16, 8, 24, 16, 12, 8 };
+ }
  // *************** Sample ***************
  // *
-     unsigned int  Sample::Instances               = 0;
+     unsigned int Sample::Instances = 0;
-     void*         Sample::pDecompressionBuffer    = NULL;
+     buffer_t     Sample::InternalDecompressionBuffer;
-     unsigned long Sample::DecompressionBufferSize = 0;
-     Sample::Sample(File* pFile, RIFF::List* waveList, unsigned long WavePoolOffset) : DLS::Sample((DLS::File*) pFile, waveList, WavePoolOffset) {
+     /** @brief Constructor.
+      *
+      * Load an existing sample or create a new one. A 'wave' list chunk must
+      * be given to this constructor. In case the given 'wave' list chunk
+      * contains a 'fmt', 'data' (and optionally a '3gix', 'smpl') chunk, the
+      * format and sample data will be loaded from there, otherwise default
+      * values will be used and those chunks will be created when
+      * File::Save() will be called later on.
+      *
+      * @param pFile          - pointer to gig::File where this sample is
+      *                         located (or will be located)
+      * @param waveList       - pointer to 'wave' list chunk which is (or
+      *                         will be) associated with this sample
+      * @param WavePoolOffset - offset of this sample data from wave pool
+      *                         ('wvpl') list chunk
+      * @param fileNo         - number of an extension file where this sample
+      *                         is located, 0 otherwise
+      */
+     Sample::Sample(File* pFile, RIFF::List* waveList, unsigned long WavePoolOffset, unsigned long fileNo) : DLS::Sample((DLS::File*) pFile, waveList, WavePoolOffset) {
          Instances++;
+         FileNo = fileNo;
-         RIFF::Chunk* _3gix = waveList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3GIX);
+         pCk3gix = waveList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3GIX);
-         if (!_3gix) throw gig::Exception("Mandatory chunks in <wave> list chunk not found.");
+         if (pCk3gix) {
-         SampleGroup = _3gix->ReadInt16();
+             SampleGroup = pCk3gix->ReadInt16();
+         } else { // '3gix' chunk missing
-         RIFF::Chunk* smpl = waveList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_SMPL);
+             // use default value(s)
-         if (!smpl) throw gig::Exception("Mandatory chunks in <wave> list chunk not found.");
+             SampleGroup = 0;
-         Manufacturer      = smpl->ReadInt32();
+         }
-         Product           = smpl->ReadInt32();
-         SamplePeriod      = smpl->ReadInt32();
+         pCkSmpl = waveList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_SMPL);
-         MIDIUnityNote     = smpl->ReadInt32();
+         if (pCkSmpl) {
-         FineTune          = smpl->ReadInt32();
+             Manufacturer  = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
-         smpl->Read(&SMPTEFormat, 1, 4);
+             Product       = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
-         SMPTEOffset       = smpl->ReadInt32();
+             SamplePeriod  = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
-         Loops             = smpl->ReadInt32();
+             MIDIUnityNote = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
-         uint32_t manufByt = smpl->ReadInt32();
+             FineTune      = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
-         LoopID            = smpl->ReadInt32();
+             pCkSmpl->Read(&SMPTEFormat, 1, 4);
-         smpl->Read(&LoopType, 1, 4);
+             SMPTEOffset   = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
-         LoopStart         = smpl->ReadInt32();
+             Loops         = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
-         LoopEnd           = smpl->ReadInt32();
+             pCkSmpl->ReadInt32(); // manufByt
-         LoopFraction      = smpl->ReadInt32();
+             LoopID        = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
-         LoopPlayCount     = smpl->ReadInt32();
+             pCkSmpl->Read(&LoopType, 1, 4);
+             LoopStart     = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
+             LoopEnd       = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
+             LoopFraction  = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
+             LoopPlayCount = pCkSmpl->ReadInt32();
+         } else { // 'smpl' chunk missing
+             // use default values
+             Manufacturer  = 0;
+             Product       = 0;
+             SamplePeriod  = 1 / SamplesPerSecond;
+             MIDIUnityNote = 64;
+             FineTune      = 0;
+             SMPTEOffset   = 0;
+             Loops         = 0;
+             LoopID        = 0;
+             LoopStart     = 0;
+             LoopEnd       = 0;
+             LoopFraction  = 0;
+             LoopPlayCount = 0;
+         }
          FrameTable                 = NULL;
          SamplePos                  = 0;
-Line 63 
 namespace gig {
+Line 345 
 namespace gig {
          RAMCache.pStart            = NULL;
          RAMCache.NullExtensionSize = 0;
-         Compressed = (waveList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_EWAV));
+         if (BitDepth > 24) throw gig::Exception("Only samples up to 24 bit supported");
+         RIFF::Chunk* ewav = waveList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_EWAV);
+         Compressed        = ewav;
+         Dithered          = false;
+         TruncatedBits     = 0;
          if (Compressed) {
-             ScanCompressedSample();
+             uint32_t version = ewav->ReadInt32();
-             if (!pDecompressionBuffer) {
+             if (version == 3 && BitDepth == 24) {
-                 pDecompressionBuffer    = new int8_t[INITIAL_SAMPLE_BUFFER_SIZE];
+                 Dithered = ewav->ReadInt32();
-                 DecompressionBufferSize = INITIAL_SAMPLE_BUFFER_SIZE;
+                 ewav->SetPos(Channels == 2 ? 84 : 64);
+                 TruncatedBits = ewav->ReadInt32();
              }
+             ScanCompressedSample();
          }
-         FrameOffset = 0; // just for streaming compressed samples
+         // we use a buffer for decompression and for truncating 24 bit samples to 16 bit
+         if ((Compressed || BitDepth == 24) && !InternalDecompressionBuffer.Size) {
+             InternalDecompressionBuffer.pStart = new unsigned char[INITIAL_SAMPLE_BUFFER_SIZE];
+             InternalDecompressionBuffer.Size   = INITIAL_SAMPLE_BUFFER_SIZE;
+         }
+         FrameOffset = 0; // just for streaming compressed samples
          LoopSize = LoopEnd - LoopStart;
      }
+     /**
+      * Apply sample and its settings to the respective RIFF chunks. You have
+      * to call File::Save() to make changes persistent.
+      *
+      * Usually there is absolutely no need to call this method explicitly.
+      * It will be called automatically when File::Save() was called.
+      *
+      * @throws DLS::Exception if FormatTag != WAVE_FORMAT_PCM or no sample data
+      *                        was provided yet
+      * @throws gig::Exception if there is any invalid sample setting
+      */
+     void Sample::UpdateChunks() {
+         // first update base class's chunks
+         DLS::Sample::UpdateChunks();
+         // make sure 'smpl' chunk exists
+         pCkSmpl = pWaveList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_SMPL);
+         if (!pCkSmpl) pCkSmpl = pWaveList->AddSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_SMPL, 60);
+         // update 'smpl' chunk
+         uint8_t* pData = (uint8_t*) pCkSmpl->LoadChunkData();
+         SamplePeriod = 1 / SamplesPerSecond;
+         memcpy(&pData[0], &Manufacturer, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[4], &Product, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[8], &SamplePeriod, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[12], &MIDIUnityNote, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[16], &FineTune, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[20], &SMPTEFormat, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[24], &SMPTEOffset, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[28], &Loops, 4);
+         // we skip 'manufByt' for now (4 bytes)
+         memcpy(&pData[36], &LoopID, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[40], &LoopType, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[44], &LoopStart, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[48], &LoopEnd, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[52], &LoopFraction, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[56], &LoopPlayCount, 4);
+         // make sure '3gix' chunk exists
+         pCk3gix = pWaveList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3GIX);
+         if (!pCk3gix) pCk3gix = pWaveList->AddSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3GIX, 4);
+         // update '3gix' chunk
+         pData = (uint8_t*) pCk3gix->LoadChunkData();
+         memcpy(&pData[0], &SampleGroup, 2);
+     }
      /// Scans compressed samples for mandatory informations (e.g. actual number of total sample points).
      void Sample::ScanCompressedSample() {
          //TODO: we have to add some more scans here (e.g. determine compression rate)
          this->SamplesTotal = 0;
          std::list<unsigned long> frameOffsets;
+         SamplesPerFrame = BitDepth == 24 ? 256 : 2048;
+         WorstCaseFrameSize = SamplesPerFrame * FrameSize + Channels; // +Channels for compression flag
          // Scanning
          pCkData->SetPos(0);
-         while (pCkData->GetState() == RIFF::stream_ready) {
+         if (Channels == 2) { // Stereo
-             frameOffsets.push_back(pCkData->GetPos());
+             for (int i = 0 ; ; i++) {
-             int16_t compressionmode = pCkData->ReadInt16();
+                 // for 24 bit samples every 8:th frame offset is
-             this->SamplesTotal += 2048;
+                 // stored, to save some memory
-             switch (compressionmode) {
+                 if (BitDepth != 24 || (i & 7) == 0) frameOffsets.push_back(pCkData->GetPos());
-                 case 1:   // left channel compressed
-                 case 256: // right channel compressed
+                 const int mode_l = pCkData->ReadUint8();
-                     pCkData->SetPos(6148, RIFF::stream_curpos);
+                 const int mode_r = pCkData->ReadUint8();
+                 if (mode_l > 5 || mode_r > 5) throw gig::Exception("Unknown compression mode");
+                 const unsigned long frameSize = bytesPerFrame[mode_l] + bytesPerFrame[mode_r];
+                 if (pCkData->RemainingBytes() <= frameSize) {
+                     SamplesInLastFrame =
+                         ((pCkData->RemainingBytes() - headerSize[mode_l] - headerSize[mode_r]) << 3) /
+                         (bitsPerSample[mode_l] + bitsPerSample[mode_r]);
+                     SamplesTotal += SamplesInLastFrame;
                      break;
-                 case 257: // both channels compressed
+                 }
-                     pCkData->SetPos(4104, RIFF::stream_curpos);
+                 SamplesTotal += SamplesPerFrame;
+                 pCkData->SetPos(frameSize, RIFF::stream_curpos);
+             }
+         }
+         else { // Mono
+             for (int i = 0 ; ; i++) {
+                 if (BitDepth != 24 || (i & 7) == 0) frameOffsets.push_back(pCkData->GetPos());
+                 const int mode = pCkData->ReadUint8();
+                 if (mode > 5) throw gig::Exception("Unknown compression mode");
+                 const unsigned long frameSize = bytesPerFrame[mode];
+                 if (pCkData->RemainingBytes() <= frameSize) {
+                     SamplesInLastFrame =
+                         ((pCkData->RemainingBytes() - headerSize[mode]) << 3) / bitsPerSample[mode];
+                     SamplesTotal += SamplesInLastFrame;
                      break;
-                 default: // both channels uncompressed
+                 }
-                     pCkData->SetPos(8192, RIFF::stream_curpos);
+                 SamplesTotal += SamplesPerFrame;
+                 pCkData->SetPos(frameSize, RIFF::stream_curpos);
              }
          }
          pCkData->SetPos(0);
-         //FIXME: only seen compressed samples with 16 bit stereo so far
-         this->FrameSize = 4;
-         this->BitDepth  = 16;
          // Build the frames table (which is used for fast resolving of a frame's chunk offset)
          if (FrameTable) delete[] FrameTable;
          FrameTable = new unsigned long[frameOffsets.size()];
-Line 141 
 namespace gig {
+Line 506 
 namespace gig {
       * that will be returned to determine the actual cached samples, but note
       * that the size is given in bytes! You get the number of actually cached
       * samples by dividing it by the frame size of the sample:
-      *
+      * @code
       *  buffer_t buf       = pSample->LoadSampleData(acquired_samples);
       *  long cachedsamples = buf.Size / pSample->FrameSize;
+      * @endcode
       *
       * @param SampleCount - number of sample points to load into RAM
       * @returns             buffer_t structure with start address and size of
-Line 189 
 namespace gig {
+Line 555 
 namespace gig {
       * that will be returned to determine the actual cached samples, but note
       * that the size is given in bytes! You get the number of actually cached
       * samples by dividing it by the frame size of the sample:
-      *
+      * @code
       *  buffer_t buf       = pSample->LoadSampleDataWithNullSamplesExtension(acquired_samples, null_samples);
       *  long cachedsamples = buf.Size / pSample->FrameSize;
-      *
+      * @endcode
       * The method will add \a NullSamplesCount silence samples past the
       * official buffer end (this won't affect the 'Size' member of the
       * buffer_t structure, that means 'Size' always reflects the size of the
-Line 252 
 namespace gig {
+Line 618 
 namespace gig {
          RAMCache.Size   = 0;
      }
+     /** @brief Resize sample.
+      *
+      * Resizes the sample's wave form data, that is the actual size of
+      * sample wave data possible to be written for this sample. This call
+      * will return immediately and just schedule the resize operation. You
+      * should call File::Save() to actually perform the resize operation(s)
+      * "physically" to the file. As this can take a while on large files, it
+      * is recommended to call Resize() first on all samples which have to be
+      * resized and finally to call File::Save() to perform all those resize
+      * operations in one rush.
+      *
+      * The actual size (in bytes) is dependant to the current FrameSize
+      * value. You may want to set FrameSize before calling Resize().
+      *
+      * <b>Caution:</b> You cannot directly write (i.e. with Write()) to
+      * enlarged samples before calling File::Save() as this might exceed the
+      * current sample's boundary!
+      *
+      * Also note: only WAVE_FORMAT_PCM is currently supported, that is
+      * FormatTag must be WAVE_FORMAT_PCM. Trying to resize samples with
+      * other formats will fail!
+      *
+      * @param iNewSize - new sample wave data size in sample points (must be
+      *                   greater than zero)
+      * @throws DLS::Excecption if FormatTag != WAVE_FORMAT_PCM
+      *                         or if \a iNewSize is less than 1
+      * @throws gig::Exception if existing sample is compressed
+      * @see DLS::Sample::GetSize(), DLS::Sample::FrameSize,
+      *      DLS::Sample::FormatTag, File::Save()
+      */
+     void Sample::Resize(int iNewSize) {
+         if (Compressed) throw gig::Exception("There is no support for modifying compressed samples (yet)");
+         DLS::Sample::Resize(iNewSize);
+     }
      /**
       * Sets the position within the sample (in sample points, not in
       * bytes). Use this method and <i>Read()</i> if you don't want to load
-Line 323 
 namespace gig {
+Line 724 
 namespace gig {
       * for the next time you call this method is stored in \a pPlaybackState.
       * You have to allocate and initialize the playback_state_t structure by
       * yourself before you use it to stream a sample:
-      *
+      * @code
-      * <i>
+      * gig::playback_state_t playbackstate;
-      * gig::playback_state_t playbackstate;                           <br>
+      * playbackstate.position         = 0;
-      * playbackstate.position         = 0;                            <br>
+      * playbackstate.reverse          = false;
-      * playbackstate.reverse          = false;                        <br>
+      * playbackstate.loop_cycles_left = pSample->LoopPlayCount;
-      * playbackstate.loop_cycles_left = pSample->LoopPlayCount;       <br>
+      * @endcode
-      * </i>
-      *
       * You don't have to take care of things like if there is actually a loop
       * defined or if the current read position is located within a loop area.
       * The method already handles such cases by itself.
       *
+      * <b>Caution:</b> If you are using more than one streaming thread, you
+      * have to use an external decompression buffer for <b>EACH</b>
+      * streaming thread to avoid race conditions and crashes!
+      *
       * @param pBuffer          destination buffer
       * @param SampleCount      number of sample points to read
       * @param pPlaybackState   will be used to store and reload the playback
       *                         state for the next ReadAndLoop() call
+      * @param pExternalDecompressionBuffer  (optional) external buffer to use for decompression
       * @returns                number of successfully read sample points
+      * @see                    CreateDecompressionBuffer()
       */
-     unsigned long Sample::ReadAndLoop(void* pBuffer, unsigned long SampleCount, playback_state_t* pPlaybackState) {
+     unsigned long Sample::ReadAndLoop(void* pBuffer, unsigned long SampleCount, playback_state_t* pPlaybackState, buffer_t* pExternalDecompressionBuffer) {
          unsigned long samplestoread = SampleCount, totalreadsamples = 0, readsamples, samplestoloopend;
          uint8_t* pDst = (uint8_t*) pBuffer;
-Line 359 
 namespace gig {
+Line 764 
 namespace gig {
                          if (!pPlaybackState->reverse) { // forward playback
                              do {
                                  samplestoloopend  = this->LoopEnd - GetPos();
-                                 readsamples       = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], Min(samplestoread, samplestoloopend));
+                                 readsamples       = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], Min(samplestoread, samplestoloopend), pExternalDecompressionBuffer);
                                  samplestoread    -= readsamples;
                                  totalreadsamples += readsamples;
                                  if (readsamples == samplestoloopend) {
-Line 385 
 namespace gig {
+Line 790 
 namespace gig {
                              // read samples for backward playback
                              do {
-                                 readsamples          = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], samplestoreadinloop);
+                                 readsamples          = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], samplestoreadinloop, pExternalDecompressionBuffer);
                                  samplestoreadinloop -= readsamples;
                                  samplestoread       -= readsamples;
                                  totalreadsamples    += readsamples;
-Line 409 
 namespace gig {
+Line 814 
 namespace gig {
                      // forward playback (not entered the loop yet)
                      if (!pPlaybackState->reverse) do {
                          samplestoloopend  = this->LoopEnd - GetPos();
-                         readsamples       = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], Min(samplestoread, samplestoloopend));
+                         readsamples       = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], Min(samplestoread, samplestoloopend), pExternalDecompressionBuffer);
                          samplestoread    -= readsamples;
                          totalreadsamples += readsamples;
                          if (readsamples == samplestoloopend) {
-Line 439 
 namespace gig {
+Line 844 
 namespace gig {
                          // if not endless loop check if max. number of loop cycles have been passed
                          if (this->LoopPlayCount && !pPlaybackState->loop_cycles_left) break;
                          samplestoloopend     = this->LoopEnd - GetPos();
-                         readsamples          = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], Min(samplestoreadinloop, samplestoloopend));
+                         readsamples          = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], Min(samplestoreadinloop, samplestoloopend), pExternalDecompressionBuffer);
                          samplestoreadinloop -= readsamples;
                          samplestoread       -= readsamples;
                          totalreadsamples    += readsamples;
-Line 461 
 namespace gig {
+Line 866 
 namespace gig {
                          // if not endless loop check if max. number of loop cycles have been passed
                          if (this->LoopPlayCount && !pPlaybackState->loop_cycles_left) break;
                          samplestoloopend  = this->LoopEnd - GetPos();
-                         readsamples       = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], Min(samplestoread, samplestoloopend));
+                         readsamples       = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], Min(samplestoread, samplestoloopend), pExternalDecompressionBuffer);
                          samplestoread    -= readsamples;
                          totalreadsamples += readsamples;
                          if (readsamples == samplestoloopend) {
-Line 476 
 namespace gig {
+Line 881 
 namespace gig {
          // read on without looping
          if (samplestoread) do {
-             readsamples = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], samplestoread);
+             readsamples = Read(&pDst[totalreadsamples * this->FrameSize], samplestoread, pExternalDecompressionBuffer);
              samplestoread    -= readsamples;
              totalreadsamples += readsamples;
          } while (readsamples && samplestoread);
-Line 495 
 namespace gig {
+Line 900 
 namespace gig {
       * and <i>SetPos()</i> if you don't want to load the sample into RAM,
       * thus for disk streaming.
       *
+      * <b>Caution:</b> If you are using more than one streaming thread, you
+      * have to use an external decompression buffer for <b>EACH</b>
+      * streaming thread to avoid race conditions and crashes!
+      *
       * @param pBuffer      destination buffer
       * @param SampleCount  number of sample points to read
+      * @param pExternalDecompressionBuffer  (optional) external buffer to use for decompression
       * @returns            number of successfully read sample points
-      * @see                SetPos()
+      * @see                SetPos(), CreateDecompressionBuffer()
       */
-     unsigned long Sample::Read(void* pBuffer, unsigned long SampleCount) {
+     unsigned long Sample::Read(void* pBuffer, unsigned long SampleCount, buffer_t* pExternalDecompressionBuffer) {
          if (SampleCount == 0) return 0;
-         if (!Compressed) return pCkData->Read(pBuffer, SampleCount, FrameSize); //FIXME: channel inversion due to endian correction?
+         if (!Compressed) {
-         else { //FIXME: no support for mono compressed samples yet, are there any?
+             if (BitDepth == 24) {
+                 // 24 bit sample. For now just truncate to 16 bit.
+                 unsigned char* pSrc = (unsigned char*) ((pExternalDecompressionBuffer) ? pExternalDecompressionBuffer->pStart : this->InternalDecompressionBuffer.pStart);
+                 int16_t* pDst = static_cast<int16_t*>(pBuffer);
+                 if (Channels == 2) { // Stereo
+                     unsigned long readBytes = pCkData->Read(pSrc, SampleCount * 6, 1);
+                     pSrc++;
+                     for (unsigned long i = readBytes ; i > 0 ; i -= 3) {
+                         *pDst++ = get16(pSrc);
+                         pSrc += 3;
+                     }
+                     return (pDst - static_cast<int16_t*>(pBuffer)) >> 1;
+                 }
+                 else { // Mono
+                     unsigned long readBytes = pCkData->Read(pSrc, SampleCount * 3, 1);
+                     pSrc++;
+                     for (unsigned long i = readBytes ; i > 0 ; i -= 3) {
+                         *pDst++ = get16(pSrc);
+                         pSrc += 3;
+                     }
+                     return pDst - static_cast<int16_t*>(pBuffer);
+                 }
+             }
+             else { // 16 bit
+                 // (pCkData->Read does endian correction)
+                 return Channels == 2 ? pCkData->Read(pBuffer, SampleCount << 1, 2) >> 1
+                                      : pCkData->Read(pBuffer, SampleCount, 2);
+             }
+         }
+         else {
              if (this->SamplePos >= this->SamplesTotal) return 0;
-             //TODO: efficiency: we simply assume here that all frames are compressed, maybe we should test for an average compression rate
+             //TODO: efficiency: maybe we should test for an average compression rate
-             // best case needed buffer size (all frames compressed)
+             unsigned long assumedsize      = GuessSize(SampleCount),
-             unsigned long assumedsize      = (SampleCount << 1)  + // *2 (16 Bit, stereo, but assume all frames compressed)
-                                              (SampleCount >> 10) + // 10 bytes header per 2048 sample points
-,                 // at least one worst case sample frame
                            remainingbytes   = 0,           // remaining bytes in the local buffer
                            remainingsamples = SampleCount,
-                           copysamples;
+                           copysamples, skipsamples,
-             int currentframeoffset = this->FrameOffset;   // offset in current sample frame since last Read()
+                           currentframeoffset = this->FrameOffset;  // offset in current sample frame since last Read()
              this->FrameOffset = 0;
-             if (assumedsize > this->DecompressionBufferSize) {
+             buffer_t* pDecompressionBuffer = (pExternalDecompressionBuffer) ? pExternalDecompressionBuffer : &InternalDecompressionBuffer;
-                 // local buffer reallocation - hope this won't happen
-                 if (this->pDecompressionBuffer) delete[] (int8_t*) this->pDecompressionBuffer;
+             // if decompression buffer too small, then reduce amount of samples to read
-                 this->pDecompressionBuffer    = new int8_t[assumedsize << 1]; // double of current needed size
+             if (pDecompressionBuffer->Size < assumedsize) {
-                 this->DecompressionBufferSize = assumedsize;
+                 std::cerr << "gig::Read(): WARNING - decompression buffer size too small!" << std::endl;
+                 SampleCount      = WorstCaseMaxSamples(pDecompressionBuffer);
+                 remainingsamples = SampleCount;
+                 assumedsize      = GuessSize(SampleCount);
              }
-             int16_t  compressionmode, left, dleft, right, dright;
+             unsigned char* pSrc = (unsigned char*) pDecompressionBuffer->pStart;
-             int8_t*  pSrc = (int8_t*)  this->pDecompressionBuffer;
+             int16_t* pDst = static_cast<int16_t*>(pBuffer);
-             int16_t* pDst = (int16_t*) pBuffer;
              remainingbytes = pCkData->Read(pSrc, assumedsize, 1);
-             while (remainingsamples) {
+             while (remainingsamples && remainingbytes) {
+                 unsigned long framesamples = SamplesPerFrame;
-                 // reload from disk to local buffer if needed
+                 unsigned long framebytes, rightChannelOffset = 0, nextFrameOffset;
-                 if (remainingbytes < 8194) {
-                     if (pCkData->GetState() != RIFF::stream_ready) {
+                 int mode_l = *pSrc++, mode_r = 0;
-                         this->SamplePos = this->SamplesTotal;
-                         return (SampleCount - remainingsamples);
+                 if (Channels == 2) {
+                     mode_r = *pSrc++;
+                     framebytes = bytesPerFrame[mode_l] + bytesPerFrame[mode_r] + 2;
+                     rightChannelOffset = bytesPerFrameNoHdr[mode_l];
+                     nextFrameOffset = rightChannelOffset + bytesPerFrameNoHdr[mode_r];
+                     if (remainingbytes < framebytes) { // last frame in sample
+                         framesamples = SamplesInLastFrame;
+                         if (mode_l == 4 && (framesamples & 1)) {
+                             rightChannelOffset = ((framesamples + 1) * bitsPerSample[mode_l]) >> 3;
+                         }
+                         else {
+                             rightChannelOffset = (framesamples * bitsPerSample[mode_l]) >> 3;
+                         }
+                     }
+                 }
+                 else {
+                     framebytes = bytesPerFrame[mode_l] + 1;
+                     nextFrameOffset = bytesPerFrameNoHdr[mode_l];
+                     if (remainingbytes < framebytes) {
+                         framesamples = SamplesInLastFrame;
                      }
-                     assumedsize    = remainingsamples;
-                     assumedsize    = (assumedsize << 1)  + // *2 (16 Bit, stereo, but assume all frames compressed)
-                                      (assumedsize >> 10) + // 10 bytes header per 2048 sample points
-;                 // at least one worst case sample frame
-                     pCkData->SetPos(remainingbytes, RIFF::stream_backward);
-                     if (pCkData->RemainingBytes() < assumedsize) assumedsize = pCkData->RemainingBytes();
-                     remainingbytes = pCkData->Read(this->pDecompressionBuffer, assumedsize, 1);
-                     pSrc = (int8_t*) this->pDecompressionBuffer;
                  }
                  // determine how many samples in this frame to skip and read
-                 if (remainingsamples >= 2048) {
+                 if (currentframeoffset + remainingsamples >= framesamples) {
-                     copysamples       = 2048 - currentframeoffset;
+                     if (currentframeoffset <= framesamples) {
-                     remainingsamples -= copysamples;
+                         copysamples = framesamples - currentframeoffset;
+                         skipsamples = currentframeoffset;
+                     }
+                     else {
+                         copysamples = 0;
+                         skipsamples = framesamples;
+                     }
                  }
                  else {
+                     // This frame has enough data for pBuffer, but not
+                     // all of the frame is needed. Set file position
+                     // to start of this frame for next call to Read.
                      copysamples = remainingsamples;
-                     if (currentframeoffset + copysamples > 2048) {
+                     skipsamples = currentframeoffset;
-                         copysamples = 2048 - currentframeoffset;
+                     pCkData->SetPos(remainingbytes, RIFF::stream_backward);
-                         remainingsamples -= copysamples;
+                     this->FrameOffset = currentframeoffset + copysamples;
-                     }
+                 }
-                     else {
+                 remainingsamples -= copysamples;
+                 if (remainingbytes > framebytes) {
+                     remainingbytes -= framebytes;
+                     if (remainingsamples == 0 &&
+                         currentframeoffset + copysamples == framesamples) {
+                         // This frame has enough data for pBuffer, and
+                         // all of the frame is needed. Set file
+                         // position to start of next frame for next
+                         // call to Read. FrameOffset is 0.
                          pCkData->SetPos(remainingbytes, RIFF::stream_backward);
-                         remainingsamples = 0;
-                         this->FrameOffset = currentframeoffset + copysamples;
                      }
                  }
+                 else remainingbytes = 0;
-                 // decompress and copy current frame from local buffer to destination buffer
+                 currentframeoffset -= skipsamples;
-                 compressionmode = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pSrc+=2;
-                 switch (compressionmode) {
+                 if (copysamples == 0) {
-                     case 1: // left channel compressed
+                     // skip this frame
-                         remainingbytes -= 6150; // (left 8 bit, right 16 bit, +6 byte header)
+                     pSrc += framebytes - Channels;
-                         if (!remainingsamples && copysamples == 2048)
+                 }
-                             pCkData->SetPos(remainingbytes, RIFF::stream_backward);
+                 else {
+                     const unsigned char* const param_l = pSrc;
-                         left  = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pSrc+=2;
+                     if (BitDepth == 24) {
-                         dleft = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pSrc+=2;
+                         if (mode_l != 2) pSrc += 12;
-                         while (currentframeoffset) {
-                             dleft -= *pSrc;
+                         if (Channels == 2) { // Stereo
-                             left  -= dleft;
+                             const unsigned char* const param_r = pSrc;
-                             pSrc+=3; // 8 bit left channel, skip uncompressed right channel (16 bit)
+                             if (mode_r != 2) pSrc += 12;
-                             currentframeoffset--;
-                         }
+                             Decompress24(mode_l, param_l, 2, pSrc, pDst,
-                         while (copysamples) {
+                                          skipsamples, copysamples, TruncatedBits);
-                             dleft -= *pSrc; pSrc++;
+                             Decompress24(mode_r, param_r, 2, pSrc + rightChannelOffset, pDst + 1,
-                             left  -= dleft;
+                                          skipsamples, copysamples, TruncatedBits);
-                             *pDst = left; pDst++;
+                             pDst += copysamples << 1;
-                             *pDst = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pDst++; pSrc+=2;
-                             copysamples--;
-                         }
-                         break;
-                     case 256: // right channel compressed
-                         remainingbytes -= 6150; // (left 16 bit, right 8 bit, +6 byte header)
-                         if (!remainingsamples && copysamples == 2048)
-                             pCkData->SetPos(remainingbytes, RIFF::stream_backward);
-                         right  = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pSrc+=2;
-                         dright = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pSrc+=2;
-                         if (currentframeoffset) {
-                             pSrc+=2; // skip uncompressed left channel, now we can increment by 3
-                             while (currentframeoffset) {
-                                 dright -= *pSrc;
-                                 right  -= dright;
-                                 pSrc+=3; // 8 bit right channel, skip uncompressed left channel (16 bit)
-                                 currentframeoffset--;
-                             }
-                             pSrc-=2; // back aligned to left channel
                          }
-                         while (copysamples) {
+                         else { // Mono
-                             *pDst = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pDst++; pSrc+=2;
+                             Decompress24(mode_l, param_l, 1, pSrc, pDst,
-                             dright -= *pSrc; pSrc++;
+                                          skipsamples, copysamples, TruncatedBits);
-                             right  -= dright;
+                             pDst += copysamples;
-                             *pDst = right; pDst++;
-                             copysamples--;
                          }
-                         break;
+                     }
-                     case 257: // both channels compressed
+                     else { // 16 bit
-                         remainingbytes -= 4106; // (left 8 bit, right 8 bit, +10 byte header)
+                         if (mode_l) pSrc += 4;
-                         if (!remainingsamples && copysamples == 2048)
-                             pCkData->SetPos(remainingbytes, RIFF::stream_backward);
+                         int step;
+                         if (Channels == 2) { // Stereo
-                         left   = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pSrc+=2;
+                             const unsigned char* const param_r = pSrc;
-                         dleft  = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pSrc+=2;
+                             if (mode_r) pSrc += 4;
-                         right  = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pSrc+=2;
-                         dright = *(int16_t*)pSrc; pSrc+=2;
+                             step = (2 - mode_l) + (2 - mode_r);
-                         while (currentframeoffset) {
+                             Decompress16(mode_l, param_l, step, 2, pSrc, pDst, skipsamples, copysamples);
-                             dleft  -= *pSrc; pSrc++;
+                             Decompress16(mode_r, param_r, step, 2, pSrc + (2 - mode_l), pDst + 1,
-                             left   -= dleft;
+                                          skipsamples, copysamples);
-                             dright -= *pSrc; pSrc++;
+                             pDst += copysamples << 1;
-                             right  -= dright;
-                             currentframeoffset--;
                          }
-                         while (copysamples) {
+                         else { // Mono
-                             dleft  -= *pSrc; pSrc++;
+                             step = 2 - mode_l;
-                             left   -= dleft;
+                             Decompress16(mode_l, param_l, step, 1, pSrc, pDst, skipsamples, copysamples);
-                             dright -= *pSrc; pSrc++;
+                             pDst += copysamples;
-                             right  -= dright;
-                             *pDst = left;  pDst++;
-                             *pDst = right; pDst++;
-                             copysamples--;
                          }
-                         break;
+                     }
-                     default: // both channels uncompressed
+                     pSrc += nextFrameOffset;
-                         remainingbytes -= 8194; // (left 16 bit, right 16 bit, +2 byte header)
-                         if (!remainingsamples && copysamples == 2048)
-                             pCkData->SetPos(remainingbytes, RIFF::stream_backward);
-                         pSrc += currentframeoffset << 2;
-                         currentframeoffset = 0;
-                         memcpy(pDst, pSrc, copysamples << 2);
-                         pDst += copysamples << 1;
-                         pSrc += copysamples << 2;
-                         break;
                  }
-             }
+                 // reload from disk to local buffer if needed
+                 if (remainingsamples && remainingbytes < WorstCaseFrameSize && pCkData->GetState() == RIFF::stream_ready) {
+                     assumedsize    = GuessSize(remainingsamples);
+                     pCkData->SetPos(remainingbytes, RIFF::stream_backward);
+                     if (pCkData->RemainingBytes() < assumedsize) assumedsize = pCkData->RemainingBytes();
+                     remainingbytes = pCkData->Read(pDecompressionBuffer->pStart, assumedsize, 1);
+                     pSrc = (unsigned char*) pDecompressionBuffer->pStart;
+                 }
+             } // while
              this->SamplePos += (SampleCount - remainingsamples);
              if (this->SamplePos > this->SamplesTotal) this->SamplePos = this->SamplesTotal;
              return (SampleCount - remainingsamples);
          }
      }
+     /** @brief Write sample wave data.
+      *
+      * Writes \a SampleCount number of sample points from the buffer pointed
+      * by \a pBuffer and increments the position within the sample. Use this
+      * method to directly write the sample data to disk, i.e. if you don't
+      * want or cannot load the whole sample data into RAM.
+      *
+      * You have to Resize() the sample to the desired size and call
+      * File::Save() <b>before</b> using Write().
+      *
+      * Note: there is currently no support for writing compressed samples.
+      *
+      * @param pBuffer     - source buffer
+      * @param SampleCount - number of sample points to write
+      * @throws DLS::Exception if current sample size is too small
+      * @throws gig::Exception if sample is compressed
+      * @see DLS::LoadSampleData()
+      */
+     unsigned long Sample::Write(void* pBuffer, unsigned long SampleCount) {
+         if (Compressed) throw gig::Exception("There is no support for writing compressed gig samples (yet)");
+         return DLS::Sample::Write(pBuffer, SampleCount);
+     }
+     /**
+      * Allocates a decompression buffer for streaming (compressed) samples
+      * with Sample::Read(). If you are using more than one streaming thread
+      * in your application you <b>HAVE</b> to create a decompression buffer
+      * for <b>EACH</b> of your streaming threads and provide it with the
+      * Sample::Read() call in order to avoid race conditions and crashes.
+      *
+      * You should free the memory occupied by the allocated buffer(s) once
+      * you don't need one of your streaming threads anymore by calling
+      * DestroyDecompressionBuffer().
+      *
+      * @param MaxReadSize - the maximum size (in sample points) you ever
+      *                      expect to read with one Read() call
+      * @returns allocated decompression buffer
+      * @see DestroyDecompressionBuffer()
+      */
+     buffer_t Sample::CreateDecompressionBuffer(unsigned long MaxReadSize) {
+         buffer_t result;
+         const double worstCaseHeaderOverhead =
+                 (256.0 /*frame size*/ + 12.0 /*header*/ + 2.0 /*compression type flag (stereo)*/) / 256.0;
+         result.Size              = (unsigned long) (double(MaxReadSize) * 3.0 /*(24 Bit)*/ * 2.0 /*stereo*/ * worstCaseHeaderOverhead);
+         result.pStart            = new int8_t[result.Size];
+         result.NullExtensionSize = 0;
+         return result;
+     }
+     /**
+      * Free decompression buffer, previously created with
+      * CreateDecompressionBuffer().
+      *
+      * @param DecompressionBuffer - previously allocated decompression
+      *                              buffer to free
+      */
+     void Sample::DestroyDecompressionBuffer(buffer_t& DecompressionBuffer) {
+         if (DecompressionBuffer.Size && DecompressionBuffer.pStart) {
+             delete[] (int8_t*) DecompressionBuffer.pStart;
+             DecompressionBuffer.pStart = NULL;
+             DecompressionBuffer.Size   = 0;
+             DecompressionBuffer.NullExtensionSize = 0;
+         }
+     }
      Sample::~Sample() {
          Instances--;
-         if (!Instances && pDecompressionBuffer) delete[] (int8_t*) pDecompressionBuffer;
+         if (!Instances && InternalDecompressionBuffer.Size) {
+             delete[] (unsigned char*) InternalDecompressionBuffer.pStart;
+             InternalDecompressionBuffer.pStart = NULL;
+             InternalDecompressionBuffer.Size   = 0;
+         }
          if (FrameTable) delete[] FrameTable;
          if (RAMCache.pStart) delete[] (int8_t*) RAMCache.pStart;
      }
-Line 676 
 namespace gig {
+Line 1183 
 namespace gig {
      DimensionRegion::DimensionRegion(RIFF::List* _3ewl) : DLS::Sampler(_3ewl) {
          Instances++;
+         pSample = NULL;
          memcpy(&Crossfade, &SamplerOptions, 4);
          if (!pVelocityTables) pVelocityTables = new VelocityTableMap;
          RIFF::Chunk* _3ewa = _3ewl->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3EWA);
-         _3ewa->ReadInt32(); // unknown, allways 0x0000008C ?
+         if (_3ewa) { // if '3ewa' chunk exists
-         LFO3Frequency = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             _3ewa->ReadInt32(); // unknown, always 0x0000008C ?
-         EG3Attack     = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             LFO3Frequency = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             EG3Attack     = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         LFO1InternalDepth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             LFO1InternalDepth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
-         LFO3InternalDepth = _3ewa->ReadInt16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             LFO3InternalDepth = _3ewa->ReadInt16();
-         LFO1ControlDepth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             LFO1ControlDepth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
-         LFO3ControlDepth = _3ewa->ReadInt16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         EG1Attack           = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             LFO3ControlDepth = _3ewa->ReadInt16();
-         EG1Decay1           = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             EG1Attack           = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             EG1Decay1           = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         EG1Sustain          = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         EG1Release          = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             EG1Sustain          = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
-         EG1Controller       = static_cast<eg1_ctrl_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8());
+             EG1Release          = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         uint8_t eg1ctrloptions        = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             EG1Controller       = DecodeLeverageController(static_cast<_lev_ctrl_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8()));
-         EG1ControllerInvert           = eg1ctrloptions & 0x01;
+             uint8_t eg1ctrloptions        = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         EG1ControllerAttackInfluence  = GIG_EG_CTR_ATTACK_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg1ctrloptions);
+             EG1ControllerInvert           = eg1ctrloptions & 0x01;
-         EG1ControllerDecayInfluence   = GIG_EG_CTR_DECAY_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg1ctrloptions);
+             EG1ControllerAttackInfluence  = GIG_EG_CTR_ATTACK_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg1ctrloptions);
-         EG1ControllerReleaseInfluence = GIG_EG_CTR_RELEASE_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg1ctrloptions);
+             EG1ControllerDecayInfluence   = GIG_EG_CTR_DECAY_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg1ctrloptions);
-         EG2Controller       = static_cast<eg2_ctrl_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8());
+             EG1ControllerReleaseInfluence = GIG_EG_CTR_RELEASE_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg1ctrloptions);
-         uint8_t eg2ctrloptions        = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             EG2Controller       = DecodeLeverageController(static_cast<_lev_ctrl_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8()));
-         EG2ControllerInvert           = eg2ctrloptions & 0x01;
+             uint8_t eg2ctrloptions        = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         EG2ControllerAttackInfluence  = GIG_EG_CTR_ATTACK_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg2ctrloptions);
+             EG2ControllerInvert           = eg2ctrloptions & 0x01;
-         EG2ControllerDecayInfluence   = GIG_EG_CTR_DECAY_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg2ctrloptions);
+             EG2ControllerAttackInfluence  = GIG_EG_CTR_ATTACK_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg2ctrloptions);
-         EG2ControllerReleaseInfluence = GIG_EG_CTR_RELEASE_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg2ctrloptions);
+             EG2ControllerDecayInfluence   = GIG_EG_CTR_DECAY_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg2ctrloptions);
-         LFO1Frequency    = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             EG2ControllerReleaseInfluence = GIG_EG_CTR_RELEASE_INFLUENCE_EXTRACT(eg2ctrloptions);
-         EG2Attack        = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             LFO1Frequency    = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         EG2Decay1        = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             EG2Attack        = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             EG2Decay1        = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         EG2Sustain       = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         EG2Release       = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             EG2Sustain       = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             EG2Release       = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         LFO2ControlDepth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         LFO2Frequency    = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
+             LFO2ControlDepth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             LFO2Frequency    = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(_3ewa->ReadInt32());
-         LFO2InternalDepth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         int32_t eg1decay2 = _3ewa->ReadInt32();
+             LFO2InternalDepth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
-         EG1Decay2          = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(eg1decay2);
+             int32_t eg1decay2 = _3ewa->ReadInt32();
-         EG1InfiniteSustain = (eg1decay2 == 0x7fffffff);
+             EG1Decay2          = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(eg1decay2);
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             EG1InfiniteSustain = (eg1decay2 == 0x7fffffff);
-         EG1PreAttack      = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         int32_t eg2decay2 = _3ewa->ReadInt32();
+             EG1PreAttack      = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
-         EG2Decay2         = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(eg2decay2);
+             int32_t eg2decay2 = _3ewa->ReadInt32();
-         EG2InfiniteSustain = (eg2decay2 == 0x7fffffff);
+             EG2Decay2         = (double) GIG_EXP_DECODE(eg2decay2);
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             EG2InfiniteSustain = (eg2decay2 == 0x7fffffff);
-         EG2PreAttack      = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         uint8_t velocityresponse = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             EG2PreAttack      = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
-         if (velocityresponse < 5) {
+             uint8_t velocityresponse = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-             VelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_nonlinear;
+             if (velocityresponse < 5) {
-             VelocityResponseDepth = velocityresponse;
+                 VelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_nonlinear;
-         }
+                 VelocityResponseDepth = velocityresponse;
-         else if (velocityresponse < 10) {
+             } else if (velocityresponse < 10) {
-             VelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_linear;
+                 VelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_linear;
-             VelocityResponseDepth = velocityresponse - 5;
+                 VelocityResponseDepth = velocityresponse - 5;
-         }
+             } else if (velocityresponse < 15) {
-         else if (velocityresponse < 15) {
+                 VelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_special;
-             VelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_special;
+                 VelocityResponseDepth = velocityresponse - 10;
-             VelocityResponseDepth = velocityresponse - 10;
+             } else {
-         }
+                 VelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_unknown;
-         else {
+                 VelocityResponseDepth = 0;
-             VelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_unknown;
+             }
-             VelocityResponseDepth = 0;
+             uint8_t releasevelocityresponse = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         }
+             if (releasevelocityresponse < 5) {
-         uint8_t releasevelocityresponse = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+                 ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_nonlinear;
-         if (releasevelocityresponse < 5) {
+                 ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth = releasevelocityresponse;
-             ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_nonlinear;
+             } else if (releasevelocityresponse < 10) {
-             ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth = releasevelocityresponse;
+                 ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_linear;
-         }
+                 ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth = releasevelocityresponse - 5;
-         else if (releasevelocityresponse < 10) {
+             } else if (releasevelocityresponse < 15) {
-             ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_linear;
+                 ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_special;
-             ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth = releasevelocityresponse - 5;
+                 ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth = releasevelocityresponse - 10;
-         }
+             } else {
-         else if (releasevelocityresponse < 15) {
+                 ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_unknown;
-             ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_special;
+                 ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth = 0;
-             ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth = releasevelocityresponse - 10;
+             }
-         }
+             VelocityResponseCurveScaling = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         else {
+             AttenuationControllerThreshold = _3ewa->ReadInt8();
-             ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve = curve_type_unknown;
+             _3ewa->ReadInt32(); // unknown
-             ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth = 0;
+             SampleStartOffset = (uint16_t) _3ewa->ReadInt16();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             uint8_t pitchTrackDimensionBypass = _3ewa->ReadInt8();
+             PitchTrack = GIG_PITCH_TRACK_EXTRACT(pitchTrackDimensionBypass);
+             if      (pitchTrackDimensionBypass & 0x10) DimensionBypass = dim_bypass_ctrl_94;
+             else if (pitchTrackDimensionBypass & 0x20) DimensionBypass = dim_bypass_ctrl_95;
+             else                                       DimensionBypass = dim_bypass_ctrl_none;
+             uint8_t pan = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             Pan         = (pan < 64) ? pan : -((int)pan - 63); // signed 7 bit -> signed 8 bit
+             SelfMask = _3ewa->ReadInt8() & 0x01;
+             _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
+             uint8_t lfo3ctrl = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             LFO3Controller           = static_cast<lfo3_ctrl_t>(lfo3ctrl & 0x07); // lower 3 bits
+             LFO3Sync                 = lfo3ctrl & 0x20; // bit 5
+             InvertAttenuationController = lfo3ctrl & 0x80; // bit 7
+             AttenuationController  = DecodeLeverageController(static_cast<_lev_ctrl_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8()));
+             uint8_t lfo2ctrl       = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             LFO2Controller         = static_cast<lfo2_ctrl_t>(lfo2ctrl & 0x07); // lower 3 bits
+             LFO2FlipPhase          = lfo2ctrl & 0x80; // bit 7
+             LFO2Sync               = lfo2ctrl & 0x20; // bit 5
+             bool extResonanceCtrl  = lfo2ctrl & 0x40; // bit 6
+             uint8_t lfo1ctrl       = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             LFO1Controller         = static_cast<lfo1_ctrl_t>(lfo1ctrl & 0x07); // lower 3 bits
+             LFO1FlipPhase          = lfo1ctrl & 0x80; // bit 7
+             LFO1Sync               = lfo1ctrl & 0x40; // bit 6
+             VCFResonanceController = (extResonanceCtrl) ? static_cast<vcf_res_ctrl_t>(GIG_VCF_RESONANCE_CTRL_EXTRACT(lfo1ctrl))
+                                                         : vcf_res_ctrl_none;
+             uint16_t eg3depth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
+             EG3Depth = (eg3depth <= 1200) ? eg3depth /* positives */
+                                         : (-1) * (int16_t) ((eg3depth ^ 0xffff) + 1); /* binary complementary for negatives */
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             ChannelOffset = _3ewa->ReadUint8() / 4;
+             uint8_t regoptions = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             MSDecode           = regoptions & 0x01; // bit 0
+             SustainDefeat      = regoptions & 0x02; // bit 1
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             VelocityUpperLimit = _3ewa->ReadInt8();
+             _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
+             _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
+             ReleaseTriggerDecay = _3ewa->ReadUint8(); // release trigger decay
+             _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
+             _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
+             EG1Hold = _3ewa->ReadUint8() & 0x80; // bit 7
+             uint8_t vcfcutoff = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             VCFEnabled = vcfcutoff & 0x80; // bit 7
+             VCFCutoff  = vcfcutoff & 0x7f; // lower 7 bits
+             VCFCutoffController = static_cast<vcf_cutoff_ctrl_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8());
+             uint8_t vcfvelscale = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             VCFCutoffControllerInvert = vcfvelscale & 0x80; // bit 7
+             VCFVelocityScale = vcfvelscale & 0x7f; // lower 7 bits
+             _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
+             uint8_t vcfresonance = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             VCFResonance = vcfresonance & 0x7f; // lower 7 bits
+             VCFResonanceDynamic = !(vcfresonance & 0x80); // bit 7
+             uint8_t vcfbreakpoint         = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             VCFKeyboardTracking           = vcfbreakpoint & 0x80; // bit 7
+             VCFKeyboardTrackingBreakpoint = vcfbreakpoint & 0x7f; // lower 7 bits
+             uint8_t vcfvelocity = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+             VCFVelocityDynamicRange = vcfvelocity % 5;
+             VCFVelocityCurve        = static_cast<curve_type_t>(vcfvelocity / 5);
+             VCFType = static_cast<vcf_type_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8());
+             if (VCFType == vcf_type_lowpass) {
+                 if (lfo3ctrl & 0x40) // bit 6
+                     VCFType = vcf_type_lowpassturbo;
+             }
+         } else { // '3ewa' chunk does not exist yet
+             // use default values
+             LFO3Frequency                   = 1.0;
+             EG3Attack                       = 0.0;
+             LFO1InternalDepth               = 0;
+             LFO3InternalDepth               = 0;
+             LFO1ControlDepth                = 0;
+             LFO3ControlDepth                = 0;
+             EG1Attack                       = 0.0;
+             EG1Decay1                       = 0.0;
+             EG1Sustain                      = 0;
+             EG1Release                      = 0.0;
+             EG1Controller.type              = eg1_ctrl_t::type_none;
+             EG1Controller.controller_number = 0;
+             EG1ControllerInvert             = false;
+             EG1ControllerAttackInfluence    = 0;
+             EG1ControllerDecayInfluence     = 0;
+             EG1ControllerReleaseInfluence   = 0;
+             EG2Controller.type              = eg2_ctrl_t::type_none;
+             EG2Controller.controller_number = 0;
+             EG2ControllerInvert             = false;
+             EG2ControllerAttackInfluence    = 0;
+             EG2ControllerDecayInfluence     = 0;
+             EG2ControllerReleaseInfluence   = 0;
+             LFO1Frequency                   = 1.0;
+             EG2Attack                       = 0.0;
+             EG2Decay1                       = 0.0;
+             EG2Sustain                      = 0;
+             EG2Release                      = 0.0;
+             LFO2ControlDepth                = 0;
+             LFO2Frequency                   = 1.0;
+             LFO2InternalDepth               = 0;
+             EG1Decay2                       = 0.0;
+             EG1InfiniteSustain              = false;
+             EG1PreAttack                    = 1000;
+             EG2Decay2                       = 0.0;
+             EG2InfiniteSustain              = false;
+             EG2PreAttack                    = 1000;
+             VelocityResponseCurve           = curve_type_nonlinear;
+             VelocityResponseDepth           = 3;
+             ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve    = curve_type_nonlinear;
+             ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth    = 3;
+             VelocityResponseCurveScaling    = 32;
+             AttenuationControllerThreshold  = 0;
+             SampleStartOffset               = 0;
+             PitchTrack                      = true;
+             DimensionBypass                 = dim_bypass_ctrl_none;
+             Pan                             = 0;
+             SelfMask                        = true;
+             LFO3Controller                  = lfo3_ctrl_modwheel;
+             LFO3Sync                        = false;
+             InvertAttenuationController     = false;
+             AttenuationController.type      = attenuation_ctrl_t::type_none;
+             AttenuationController.controller_number = 0;
+             LFO2Controller                  = lfo2_ctrl_internal;
+             LFO2FlipPhase                   = false;
+             LFO2Sync                        = false;
+             LFO1Controller                  = lfo1_ctrl_internal;
+             LFO1FlipPhase                   = false;
+             LFO1Sync                        = false;
+             VCFResonanceController          = vcf_res_ctrl_none;
+             EG3Depth                        = 0;
+             ChannelOffset                   = 0;
+             MSDecode                        = false;
+             SustainDefeat                   = false;
+             VelocityUpperLimit              = 0;
+             ReleaseTriggerDecay             = 0;
+             EG1Hold                         = false;
+             VCFEnabled                      = false;
+             VCFCutoff                       = 0;
+             VCFCutoffController             = vcf_cutoff_ctrl_none;
+             VCFCutoffControllerInvert       = false;
+             VCFVelocityScale                = 0;
+             VCFResonance                    = 0;
+             VCFResonanceDynamic             = false;
+             VCFKeyboardTracking             = false;
+             VCFKeyboardTrackingBreakpoint   = 0;
+             VCFVelocityDynamicRange         = 0x04;
+             VCFVelocityCurve                = curve_type_linear;
+             VCFType                         = vcf_type_lowpass;
+         }
+         pVelocityAttenuationTable = GetVelocityTable(VelocityResponseCurve,
+                                                      VelocityResponseDepth,
+                                                      VelocityResponseCurveScaling);
+         curve_type_t curveType = ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve;
+         uint8_t depth = ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth;
+         // this models a strange behaviour or bug in GSt: two of the
+         // velocity response curves for release time are not used even
+         // if specified, instead another curve is chosen.
+         if ((curveType == curve_type_nonlinear && depth == 0) ||
+             (curveType == curve_type_special   && depth == 4)) {
+             curveType = curve_type_nonlinear;
+             depth = 3;
+         }
+         pVelocityReleaseTable = GetVelocityTable(curveType, depth, 0);
+         curveType = VCFVelocityCurve;
+         depth = VCFVelocityDynamicRange;
+         // even stranger GSt: two of the velocity response curves for
+         // filter cutoff are not used, instead another special curve
+         // is chosen. This curve is not used anywhere else.
+         if ((curveType == curve_type_nonlinear && depth == 0) ||
+             (curveType == curve_type_special   && depth == 4)) {
+             curveType = curve_type_special;
+             depth = 5;
          }
-         VelocityResponseCurveScaling = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
+         pVelocityCutoffTable = GetVelocityTable(curveType, depth,
-         AttenuationControlTreshold   = _3ewa->ReadInt8();
+                                                 VCFCutoffController <= vcf_cutoff_ctrl_none2 ? VCFVelocityScale : 0);
-         _3ewa->ReadInt32(); // unknown
-         SampleStartOffset = (uint16_t) _3ewa->ReadInt16();
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         uint8_t pitchTrackDimensionBypass = _3ewa->ReadInt8();
-         PitchTrack = GIG_PITCH_TRACK_EXTRACT(pitchTrackDimensionBypass);
-         if      (pitchTrackDimensionBypass & 0x10) DimensionBypass = dim_bypass_ctrl_94;
-         else if (pitchTrackDimensionBypass & 0x20) DimensionBypass = dim_bypass_ctrl_95;
-         else                                       DimensionBypass = dim_bypass_ctrl_none;
-         uint8_t pan = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         Pan         = (pan < 64) ? pan : (-1) * (int8_t)pan - 63;
-         SelfMask = _3ewa->ReadInt8() & 0x01;
-         _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
-         uint8_t lfo3ctrl = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         LFO3Controller           = static_cast<lfo3_ctrl_t>(lfo3ctrl & 0x07); // lower 3 bits
-         LFO3Sync                 = lfo3ctrl & 0x20; // bit 5
-         InvertAttenuationControl = lfo3ctrl & 0x80; // bit 7
-         if (VCFType == vcf_type_lowpass) {
-             if (lfo3ctrl & 0x40) // bit 6
-                 VCFType = vcf_type_lowpassturbo;
-         }
-         AttenuationControl = static_cast<attenuation_ctrl_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8());
-         uint8_t lfo2ctrl       = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         LFO2Controller         = static_cast<lfo2_ctrl_t>(lfo2ctrl & 0x07); // lower 3 bits
-         LFO2FlipPhase          = lfo2ctrl & 0x80; // bit 7
-         LFO2Sync               = lfo2ctrl & 0x20; // bit 5
-         bool extResonanceCtrl  = lfo2ctrl & 0x40; // bit 6
-         uint8_t lfo1ctrl       = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         LFO1Controller         = static_cast<lfo1_ctrl_t>(lfo1ctrl & 0x07); // lower 3 bits
-         LFO1FlipPhase          = lfo1ctrl & 0x80; // bit 7
-         LFO1Sync               = lfo1ctrl & 0x40; // bit 6
-         VCFResonanceController = (extResonanceCtrl) ? static_cast<vcf_res_ctrl_t>(GIG_VCF_RESONANCE_CTRL_EXTRACT(lfo1ctrl))
-                                                     : vcf_res_ctrl_none;
-         uint16_t eg3depth = _3ewa->ReadUint16();
-         EG3Depth = (eg3depth <= 1200) ? eg3depth /* positives */
-                                       : (-1) * (int16_t) ((eg3depth ^ 0xffff) + 1); /* binary complementary for negatives */
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         ChannelOffset = _3ewa->ReadUint8() / 4;
-         uint8_t regoptions = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         MSDecode           = regoptions & 0x01; // bit 0
-         SustainDefeat      = regoptions & 0x02; // bit 1
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         VelocityUpperLimit = _3ewa->ReadInt8();
-         _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
-         _3ewa->ReadInt16(); // unknown
-         ReleaseTriggerDecay = _3ewa->ReadUint8(); // release trigger decay
-         _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
-         _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
-         EG1Hold = _3ewa->ReadUint8() & 0x80; // bit 7
-         uint8_t vcfcutoff = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         VCFEnabled = vcfcutoff & 0x80; // bit 7
-         VCFCutoff  = vcfcutoff & 0x7f; // lower 7 bits
-         VCFCutoffController = static_cast<vcf_cutoff_ctrl_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8());
-         VCFVelocityScale = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         _3ewa->ReadInt8(); // unknown
-         uint8_t vcfresonance = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         VCFResonance = vcfresonance & 0x7f; // lower 7 bits
-         VCFResonanceDynamic = !(vcfresonance & 0x80); // bit 7
-         uint8_t vcfbreakpoint         = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         VCFKeyboardTracking           = vcfbreakpoint & 0x80; // bit 7
-         VCFKeyboardTrackingBreakpoint = vcfbreakpoint & 0x7f; // lower 7 bits
-         uint8_t vcfvelocity = _3ewa->ReadUint8();
-         VCFVelocityDynamicRange = vcfvelocity % 5;
-         VCFVelocityCurve        = static_cast<curve_type_t>(vcfvelocity / 5);
-         VCFType = static_cast<vcf_type_t>(_3ewa->ReadUint8());
-         // get the corresponding velocity->volume table from the table map or create & calculate that table if it doesn't exist yet
+         SampleAttenuation = pow(10.0, -Gain / (20.0 * 655360));
-         uint32_t tableKey = (VelocityResponseCurve<<16) | (VelocityResponseDepth<<8) | VelocityResponseCurveScaling;
+     }
-         if (pVelocityTables->count(tableKey)) { // if key exists
-             pVelocityAttenuationTable = (*pVelocityTables)[tableKey];
+     /**
+      * Apply dimension region settings to the respective RIFF chunks. You
+      * have to call File::Save() to make changes persistent.
+      *
+      * Usually there is absolutely no need to call this method explicitly.
+      * It will be called automatically when File::Save() was called.
+      */
+     void DimensionRegion::UpdateChunks() {
+         // first update base class's chunk
+         DLS::Sampler::UpdateChunks();
+         // make sure '3ewa' chunk exists
+         RIFF::Chunk* _3ewa = pParentList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3EWA);
+         if (!_3ewa)  _3ewa = pParentList->AddSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3EWA, 140);
+         uint8_t* pData = (uint8_t*) _3ewa->LoadChunkData();
+         // update '3ewa' chunk with DimensionRegion's current settings
+         const uint32_t unknown = 0x0000008C; // unknown, always 0x0000008C ?
+         memcpy(&pData[0], &unknown, 4);
+         const int32_t lfo3freq = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(LFO3Frequency);
+         memcpy(&pData[4], &lfo3freq, 4);
+         const int32_t eg3attack = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(EG3Attack);
+         memcpy(&pData[4], &eg3attack, 4);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[10], &LFO1InternalDepth, 2);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[14], &LFO3InternalDepth, 2);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[18], &LFO1ControlDepth, 2);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[22], &LFO3ControlDepth, 2);
+         const int32_t eg1attack = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(EG1Attack);
+         memcpy(&pData[24], &eg1attack, 4);
+         const int32_t eg1decay1 = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(EG1Decay1);
+         memcpy(&pData[28], &eg1decay1, 4);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[34], &EG1Sustain, 2);
+         const int32_t eg1release = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(EG1Release);
+         memcpy(&pData[36], &eg1release, 4);
+         const uint8_t eg1ctl = (uint8_t) EncodeLeverageController(EG1Controller);
+         memcpy(&pData[40], &eg1ctl, 1);
+         const uint8_t eg1ctrloptions =
+             (EG1ControllerInvert) ? 0x01 : 0x00 |
+             GIG_EG_CTR_ATTACK_INFLUENCE_ENCODE(EG1ControllerAttackInfluence) |
+             GIG_EG_CTR_DECAY_INFLUENCE_ENCODE(EG1ControllerDecayInfluence) |
+             GIG_EG_CTR_RELEASE_INFLUENCE_ENCODE(EG1ControllerReleaseInfluence);
+         memcpy(&pData[41], &eg1ctrloptions, 1);
+         const uint8_t eg2ctl = (uint8_t) EncodeLeverageController(EG2Controller);
+         memcpy(&pData[42], &eg2ctl, 1);
+         const uint8_t eg2ctrloptions =
+             (EG2ControllerInvert) ? 0x01 : 0x00 |
+             GIG_EG_CTR_ATTACK_INFLUENCE_ENCODE(EG2ControllerAttackInfluence) |
+             GIG_EG_CTR_DECAY_INFLUENCE_ENCODE(EG2ControllerDecayInfluence) |
+             GIG_EG_CTR_RELEASE_INFLUENCE_ENCODE(EG2ControllerReleaseInfluence);
+         memcpy(&pData[43], &eg2ctrloptions, 1);
+         const int32_t lfo1freq = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(LFO1Frequency);
+         memcpy(&pData[44], &lfo1freq, 4);
+         const int32_t eg2attack = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(EG2Attack);
+         memcpy(&pData[48], &eg2attack, 4);
+         const int32_t eg2decay1 = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(EG2Decay1);
+         memcpy(&pData[52], &eg2decay1, 4);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[58], &EG2Sustain, 2);
+         const int32_t eg2release = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(EG2Release);
+         memcpy(&pData[60], &eg2release, 4);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[66], &LFO2ControlDepth, 2);
+         const int32_t lfo2freq = (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(LFO2Frequency);
+         memcpy(&pData[68], &lfo2freq, 4);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[72], &LFO2InternalDepth, 2);
+         const int32_t eg1decay2 = (int32_t) (EG1InfiniteSustain) ? 0x7fffffff : (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(EG1Decay2);
+         memcpy(&pData[74], &eg1decay2, 4);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[80], &EG1PreAttack, 2);
+         const int32_t eg2decay2 = (int32_t) (EG2InfiniteSustain) ? 0x7fffffff : (int32_t) GIG_EXP_ENCODE(EG2Decay2);
+         memcpy(&pData[82], &eg2decay2, 4);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[88], &EG2PreAttack, 2);
+         {
+             if (VelocityResponseDepth > 4) throw Exception("VelocityResponseDepth must be between 0 and 4");
+             uint8_t velocityresponse = VelocityResponseDepth;
+             switch (VelocityResponseCurve) {
+                 case curve_type_nonlinear:
+                     break;
+                 case curve_type_linear:
+                     velocityresponse += 5;
+                     break;
+                 case curve_type_special:
+                     velocityresponse += 10;
+                     break;
+                 case curve_type_unknown:
+                 default:
+                     throw Exception("Could not update DimensionRegion's chunk, unknown VelocityResponseCurve selected");
+             }
+             memcpy(&pData[90], &velocityresponse, 1);
          }
-         else {
-             pVelocityAttenuationTable = new double[128];
+         {
-             switch (VelocityResponseCurve) { // calculate the new table
+             if (ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth > 4) throw Exception("ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth must be between 0 and 4");
+             uint8_t releasevelocityresponse = ReleaseVelocityResponseDepth;
+             switch (ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve) {
                  case curve_type_nonlinear:
-                     for (int velocity = 0; velocity < 128; velocity++) {
+                     break;
-                         pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] =
-                             GIG_VELOCITY_TRANSFORM_NONLINEAR((double)(velocity+1),(double)(VelocityResponseDepth+1),(double)VelocityResponseCurveScaling);
-                         if      (pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] > 1.0) pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] = 1.0;
-                         else if (pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] < 0.0) pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] = 0.0;
-                      }
-                      break;
                  case curve_type_linear:
-                     for (int velocity = 0; velocity < 128; velocity++) {
+                     releasevelocityresponse += 5;
-                         pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] =
-                             GIG_VELOCITY_TRANSFORM_LINEAR((double)velocity,(double)(VelocityResponseDepth+1),(double)VelocityResponseCurveScaling);
-                         if      (pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] > 1.0) pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] = 1.0;
-                         else if (pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] < 0.0) pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] = 0.0;
-                     }
                      break;
                  case curve_type_special:
-                     for (int velocity = 0; velocity < 128; velocity++) {
+                     releasevelocityresponse += 10;
-                         pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] =
-                             GIG_VELOCITY_TRANSFORM_SPECIAL((double)(velocity+1),(double)(VelocityResponseDepth+1),(double)VelocityResponseCurveScaling);
-                         if      (pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] > 1.0) pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] = 1.0;
-                         else if (pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] < 0.0) pVelocityAttenuationTable[velocity] = 0.0;
-                     }
                      break;
                  case curve_type_unknown:
                  default:
-                     throw gig::Exception("Unknown transform curve type.");
+                     throw Exception("Could not update DimensionRegion's chunk, unknown ReleaseVelocityResponseCurve selected");
+             }
+             memcpy(&pData[91], &releasevelocityresponse, 1);
+         }
+         memcpy(&pData[92], &VelocityResponseCurveScaling, 1);
+         memcpy(&pData[93], &AttenuationControllerThreshold, 1);
+         // next 4 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[98], &SampleStartOffset, 2);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         {
+             uint8_t pitchTrackDimensionBypass = GIG_PITCH_TRACK_ENCODE(PitchTrack);
+             switch (DimensionBypass) {
+                 case dim_bypass_ctrl_94:
+                     pitchTrackDimensionBypass |= 0x10;
+                     break;
+                 case dim_bypass_ctrl_95:
+                     pitchTrackDimensionBypass |= 0x20;
+                     break;
+                 case dim_bypass_ctrl_none:
+                     //FIXME: should we set anything here?
+                     break;
+                 default:
+                     throw Exception("Could not update DimensionRegion's chunk, unknown DimensionBypass selected");
              }
-             (*pVelocityTables)[tableKey] = pVelocityAttenuationTable; // put the new table into the tables map
+             memcpy(&pData[102], &pitchTrackDimensionBypass, 1);
+         }
+         const uint8_t pan = (Pan >= 0) ? Pan : ((-Pan) + 63); // signed 8 bit -> signed 7 bit
+         memcpy(&pData[103], &pan, 1);
+         const uint8_t selfmask = (SelfMask) ? 0x01 : 0x00;
+         memcpy(&pData[104], &selfmask, 1);
+         // next byte unknown
+         {
+             uint8_t lfo3ctrl = LFO3Controller & 0x07; // lower 3 bits
+             if (LFO3Sync) lfo3ctrl |= 0x20; // bit 5
+             if (InvertAttenuationController) lfo3ctrl |= 0x80; // bit 7
+             if (VCFType == vcf_type_lowpassturbo) lfo3ctrl |= 0x40; // bit 6
+             memcpy(&pData[106], &lfo3ctrl, 1);
+         }
+         const uint8_t attenctl = EncodeLeverageController(AttenuationController);
+         memcpy(&pData[107], &attenctl, 1);
+         {
+             uint8_t lfo2ctrl = LFO2Controller & 0x07; // lower 3 bits
+             if (LFO2FlipPhase) lfo2ctrl |= 0x80; // bit 7
+             if (LFO2Sync)      lfo2ctrl |= 0x20; // bit 5
+             if (VCFResonanceController != vcf_res_ctrl_none) lfo2ctrl |= 0x40; // bit 6
+             memcpy(&pData[108], &lfo2ctrl, 1);
+         }
+         {
+             uint8_t lfo1ctrl = LFO1Controller & 0x07; // lower 3 bits
+             if (LFO1FlipPhase) lfo1ctrl |= 0x80; // bit 7
+             if (LFO1Sync)      lfo1ctrl |= 0x40; // bit 6
+             if (VCFResonanceController != vcf_res_ctrl_none)
+                 lfo1ctrl |= GIG_VCF_RESONANCE_CTRL_ENCODE(VCFResonanceController);
+             memcpy(&pData[109], &lfo1ctrl, 1);
          }
+         const uint16_t eg3depth = (EG3Depth >= 0) ? EG3Depth
+                                                   : uint16_t(((-EG3Depth) - 1) ^ 0xffff); /* binary complementary for negatives */
+         memcpy(&pData[110], &eg3depth, 1);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         const uint8_t channeloffset = ChannelOffset * 4;
+         memcpy(&pData[113], &channeloffset, 1);
+         {
+             uint8_t regoptions = 0;
+             if (MSDecode)      regoptions |= 0x01; // bit 0
+             if (SustainDefeat) regoptions |= 0x02; // bit 1
+             memcpy(&pData[114], &regoptions, 1);
+         }
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[117], &VelocityUpperLimit, 1);
+         // next 3 bytes unknown
+         memcpy(&pData[121], &ReleaseTriggerDecay, 1);
+         // next 2 bytes unknown
+         const uint8_t eg1hold = (EG1Hold) ? 0x80 : 0x00; // bit 7
+         memcpy(&pData[124], &eg1hold, 1);
+         const uint8_t vcfcutoff = (VCFEnabled) ? 0x80 : 0x00 |  /* bit 7 */
+                                   (VCFCutoff)  ? 0x7f : 0x00;   /* lower 7 bits */
+         memcpy(&pData[125], &vcfcutoff, 1);
+         memcpy(&pData[126], &VCFCutoffController, 1);
+         const uint8_t vcfvelscale = (VCFCutoffControllerInvert) ? 0x80 : 0x00 | /* bit 7 */
+                                     (VCFVelocityScale) ? 0x7f : 0x00; /* lower 7 bits */
+         memcpy(&pData[127], &vcfvelscale, 1);
+         // next byte unknown
+         const uint8_t vcfresonance = (VCFResonanceDynamic) ? 0x00 : 0x80 | /* bit 7 */
+                                      (VCFResonance) ? 0x7f : 0x00; /* lower 7 bits */
+         memcpy(&pData[129], &vcfresonance, 1);
+         const uint8_t vcfbreakpoint = (VCFKeyboardTracking) ? 0x80 : 0x00 | /* bit 7 */
+                                       (VCFKeyboardTrackingBreakpoint) ? 0x7f : 0x00; /* lower 7 bits */
+         memcpy(&pData[130], &vcfbreakpoint, 1);
+         const uint8_t vcfvelocity = VCFVelocityDynamicRange % 5 |
+                                     VCFVelocityCurve * 5;
+         memcpy(&pData[131], &vcfvelocity, 1);
+         const uint8_t vcftype = (VCFType == vcf_type_lowpassturbo) ? vcf_type_lowpass : VCFType;
+         memcpy(&pData[132], &vcftype, 1);
+     }
+     // get the corresponding velocity table from the table map or create & calculate that table if it doesn't exist yet
+     double* DimensionRegion::GetVelocityTable(curve_type_t curveType, uint8_t depth, uint8_t scaling)
+     {
+         double* table;
+         uint32_t tableKey = (curveType<<16) | (depth<<8) | scaling;
+         if (pVelocityTables->count(tableKey)) { // if key exists
+             table = (*pVelocityTables)[tableKey];
+         }
+         else {
+             table = CreateVelocityTable(curveType, depth, scaling);
+             (*pVelocityTables)[tableKey] = table; // put the new table into the tables map
+         }
+         return table;
+     }
+     leverage_ctrl_t DimensionRegion::DecodeLeverageController(_lev_ctrl_t EncodedController) {
+         leverage_ctrl_t decodedcontroller;
+         switch (EncodedController) {
+             // special controller
+             case _lev_ctrl_none:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_none;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 0;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_velocity:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_velocity;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 0;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_channelaftertouch:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_channelaftertouch;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 0;
+                 break;
+             // ordinary MIDI control change controller
+             case _lev_ctrl_modwheel:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 1;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_breath:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 2;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_foot:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 4;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_effect1:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 12;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_effect2:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 13;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_genpurpose1:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 16;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_genpurpose2:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 17;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_genpurpose3:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 18;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_genpurpose4:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 19;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_portamentotime:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 5;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_sustainpedal:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 64;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_portamento:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 65;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_sostenutopedal:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 66;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_softpedal:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 67;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_genpurpose5:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 80;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_genpurpose6:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 81;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_genpurpose7:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 82;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_genpurpose8:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 83;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_effect1depth:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 91;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_effect2depth:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 92;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_effect3depth:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 93;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_effect4depth:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 94;
+                 break;
+             case _lev_ctrl_effect5depth:
+                 decodedcontroller.type = leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange;
+                 decodedcontroller.controller_number = 95;
+                 break;
+             // unknown controller type
+             default:
+                 throw gig::Exception("Unknown leverage controller type.");
+         }
+         return decodedcontroller;
+     }
+     DimensionRegion::_lev_ctrl_t DimensionRegion::EncodeLeverageController(leverage_ctrl_t DecodedController) {
+         _lev_ctrl_t encodedcontroller;
+         switch (DecodedController.type) {
+             // special controller
+             case leverage_ctrl_t::type_none:
+                 encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_none;
+                 break;
+             case leverage_ctrl_t::type_velocity:
+                 encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_velocity;
+                 break;
+             case leverage_ctrl_t::type_channelaftertouch:
+                 encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_channelaftertouch;
+                 break;
+             // ordinary MIDI control change controller
+             case leverage_ctrl_t::type_controlchange:
+                 switch (DecodedController.controller_number) {
+                     case 1:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_modwheel;
+                         break;
+                     case 2:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_breath;
+                         break;
+                     case 4:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_foot;
+                         break;
+                     case 12:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_effect1;
+                         break;
+                     case 13:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_effect2;
+                         break;
+                     case 16:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_genpurpose1;
+                         break;
+                     case 17:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_genpurpose2;
+                         break;
+                     case 18:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_genpurpose3;
+                         break;
+                     case 19:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_genpurpose4;
+                         break;
+                     case 5:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_portamentotime;
+                         break;
+                     case 64:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_sustainpedal;
+                         break;
+                     case 65:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_portamento;
+                         break;
+                     case 66:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_sostenutopedal;
+                         break;
+                     case 67:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_softpedal;
+                         break;
+                     case 80:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_genpurpose5;
+                         break;
+                     case 81:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_genpurpose6;
+                         break;
+                     case 82:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_genpurpose7;
+                         break;
+                     case 83:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_genpurpose8;
+                         break;
+                     case 91:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_effect1depth;
+                         break;
+                     case 92:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_effect2depth;
+                         break;
+                     case 93:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_effect3depth;
+                         break;
+                     case 94:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_effect4depth;
+                         break;
+                     case 95:
+                         encodedcontroller = _lev_ctrl_effect5depth;
+                         break;
+                     default:
+                         throw gig::Exception("leverage controller number is not supported by the gig format");
+                 }
+             default:
+                 throw gig::Exception("Unknown leverage controller type.");
+         }
+         return encodedcontroller;
      }
      DimensionRegion::~DimensionRegion() {
-Line 893 
 namespace gig {
+Line 1978 
 namespace gig {
       * triggered to get the volume with which the sample should be played
       * back.
       *
-      * @param    MIDI velocity value of the triggered key (between 0 and 127)
+      * @param MIDIKeyVelocity  MIDI velocity value of the triggered key (between 0 and 127)
-      * @returns  amplitude factor (between 0.0 and 1.0)
+      * @returns                amplitude factor (between 0.0 and 1.0)
       */
      double DimensionRegion::GetVelocityAttenuation(uint8_t MIDIKeyVelocity) {
          return pVelocityAttenuationTable[MIDIKeyVelocity];
      }
+     double DimensionRegion::GetVelocityRelease(uint8_t MIDIKeyVelocity) {
+         return pVelocityReleaseTable[MIDIKeyVelocity];
+     }
+     double DimensionRegion::GetVelocityCutoff(uint8_t MIDIKeyVelocity) {
+         return pVelocityCutoffTable[MIDIKeyVelocity];
+     }
+     double* DimensionRegion::CreateVelocityTable(curve_type_t curveType, uint8_t depth, uint8_t scaling) {
+         // line-segment approximations of the 15 velocity curves
+         // linear
+         const int lin0[] = { 1, 1, 127, 127 };
+         const int lin1[] = { 1, 21, 127, 127 };
+         const int lin2[] = { 1, 45, 127, 127 };
+         const int lin3[] = { 1, 74, 127, 127 };
+         const int lin4[] = { 1, 127, 127, 127 };
+         // non-linear
+         const int non0[] = { 1, 4, 24, 5, 57, 17, 92, 57, 122, 127, 127, 127 };
+         const int non1[] = { 1, 4, 46, 9, 93, 56, 118, 106, 123, 127,
+, 127 };
+         const int non2[] = { 1, 4, 46, 9, 57, 20, 102, 107, 107, 127,
+, 127 };
+         const int non3[] = { 1, 15, 10, 19, 67, 73, 80, 80, 90, 98, 98, 127,
+, 127 };
+         const int non4[] = { 1, 25, 33, 57, 82, 81, 92, 127, 127, 127 };
+         // special
+         const int spe0[] = { 1, 2, 76, 10, 90, 15, 95, 20, 99, 28, 103, 44,
+, 127, 127, 127 };
+         const int spe1[] = { 1, 2, 27, 5, 67, 18, 89, 29, 95, 35, 107, 67,
+, 127, 127, 127 };
+         const int spe2[] = { 1, 1, 33, 1, 53, 5, 61, 13, 69, 32, 79, 74,
+, 90, 91, 127, 127, 127 };
+         const int spe3[] = { 1, 32, 28, 35, 66, 48, 89, 59, 95, 65, 99, 73,
+, 127, 127, 127 };
+         const int spe4[] = { 1, 4, 23, 5, 49, 13, 57, 17, 92, 57, 122, 127,
+, 127 };
+         // this is only used by the VCF velocity curve
+         const int spe5[] = { 1, 2, 30, 5, 60, 19, 77, 70, 83, 85, 88, 106,
+, 127, 127, 127 };
+         const int* const curves[] = { non0, non1, non2, non3, non4,
+                                       lin0, lin1, lin2, lin3, lin4,
+                                       spe0, spe1, spe2, spe3, spe4, spe5 };
+         double* const table = new double[128];
+         const int* curve = curves[curveType * 5 + depth];
+         const int s = scaling == 0 ? 20 : scaling; // 0 or 20 means no scaling
+         table[0] = 0;
+         for (int x = 1 ; x < 128 ; x++) {
+             if (x > curve[2]) curve += 2;
+             double y = curve[1] + (x - curve[0]) *
+                 (double(curve[3] - curve[1]) / (curve[2] - curve[0]));
+             y = y / 127;
+             // Scale up for s > 20, down for s < 20. When
+             // down-scaling, the curve still ends at 1.0.
+             if (s < 20 && y >= 0.5)
+                 y = y / ((2 - 40.0 / s) * y + 40.0 / s - 1);
+             else
+                 y = y * (s / 20.0);
+             if (y > 1) y = 1;
+             table[x] = y;
+         }
+         return table;
+     }
  // *************** Region ***************
-Line 908 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2067 
 namespace gig {
      Region::Region(Instrument* pInstrument, RIFF::List* rgnList) : DLS::Region((DLS::Instrument*) pInstrument, rgnList) {
          // Initialization
          Dimensions = 0;
-         for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+         for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
              pDimensionRegions[i] = NULL;
          }
+         Layers = 1;
+         File* file = (File*) GetParent()->GetParent();
+         int dimensionBits = (file->pVersion && file->pVersion->major == 3) ? 8 : 5;
          // Actual Loading
-Line 919 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2081 
 namespace gig {
          RIFF::Chunk* _3lnk = rgnList->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3LNK);
          if (_3lnk) {
              DimensionRegions = _3lnk->ReadUint32();
-             for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+             for (int i = 0; i < dimensionBits; i++) {
                  dimension_t dimension = static_cast<dimension_t>(_3lnk->ReadUint8());
                  uint8_t     bits      = _3lnk->ReadUint8();
+                 _3lnk->ReadUint8(); // probably the position of the dimension
+                 _3lnk->ReadUint8(); // unknown
+                 uint8_t     zones     = _3lnk->ReadUint8(); // new for v3: number of zones doesn't have to be == pow(2,bits)
                  if (dimension == dimension_none) { // inactive dimension
                      pDimensionDefinitions[i].dimension  = dimension_none;
                      pDimensionDefinitions[i].bits       = 0;
-Line 933 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2098 
 namespace gig {
                  else { // active dimension
                      pDimensionDefinitions[i].dimension = dimension;
                      pDimensionDefinitions[i].bits      = bits;
-                     pDimensionDefinitions[i].zones     = 0x01 << bits; // = pow(2,bits)
+                     pDimensionDefinitions[i].zones     = zones ? zones : 0x01 << bits; // = pow(2,bits)
                      pDimensionDefinitions[i].split_type = (dimension == dimension_layer ||
-                                                            dimension == dimension_samplechannel) ? split_type_bit
+                                                            dimension == dimension_samplechannel ||
-                                                                                                  : split_type_normal;
+                                                            dimension == dimension_releasetrigger ||
+                                                            dimension == dimension_roundrobin ||
+                                                            dimension == dimension_random) ? split_type_bit
+                                                                                           : split_type_normal;
                      pDimensionDefinitions[i].ranges = NULL; // it's not possible to check velocity dimensions for custom defined ranges at this point
                      pDimensionDefinitions[i].zone_size  =
-                         (pDimensionDefinitions[i].split_type == split_type_normal) ? 128 / pDimensionDefinitions[i].zones
+                         (pDimensionDefinitions[i].split_type == split_type_normal) ? 128.0 / pDimensionDefinitions[i].zones
                                                                                     : 0;
                      Dimensions++;
+                     // if this is a layer dimension, remember the amount of layers
+                     if (dimension == dimension_layer) Layers = pDimensionDefinitions[i].zones;
                  }
-                 _3lnk->SetPos(6, RIFF::stream_curpos); // jump forward to next dimension definition
+                 _3lnk->SetPos(3, RIFF::stream_curpos); // jump forward to next dimension definition
              }
              // check velocity dimension (if there is one) for custom defined zone ranges
-Line 958 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2129 
 namespace gig {
                      else { // custom defined ranges
                          pDimDef->split_type = split_type_customvelocity;
                          pDimDef->ranges     = new range_t[pDimDef->zones];
-                         unsigned int bits[5] = {0,0,0,0,0};
+                         UpdateVelocityTable(pDimDef);
-                         int previousUpperLimit = -1;
-                         for (int velocityZone = 0; velocityZone < pDimDef->zones; velocityZone++) {
-                             bits[i] = velocityZone;
-                             DimensionRegion* pDimRegion = GetDimensionRegionByBit(bits[4],bits[3],bits[2],bits[1],bits[0]);
-                             pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].low  = previousUpperLimit + 1;
-                             pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].high = pDimRegion->VelocityUpperLimit;
-                             previousUpperLimit = pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].high;
-                             // fill velocity table
-                             for (int i = pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].low; i <= pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].high; i++) {
-                                 VelocityTable[i] = velocityZone;
-                             }
-                         }
                      }
                  }
              }
+             // jump to start of the wave pool indices (if not already there)
+             File* file = (File*) GetParent()->GetParent();
+             if (file->pVersion && file->pVersion->major == 3)
+                 _3lnk->SetPos(68); // version 3 has a different 3lnk structure
+             else
+                 _3lnk->SetPos(44);
              // load sample references
-             _3lnk->SetPos(44); // jump to start of the wave pool indices (if not already there)
              for (uint i = 0; i < DimensionRegions; i++) {
                  uint32_t wavepoolindex = _3lnk->ReadUint32();
                  pDimensionRegions[i]->pSample = GetSampleFromWavePool(wavepoolindex);
              }
          }
-         else throw gig::Exception("Mandatory <3lnk> chunk not found.");
+         // make sure there is at least one dimension region
+         if (!DimensionRegions) {
+             RIFF::List* _3prg = rgnList->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_3PRG);
+             if (!_3prg) _3prg = rgnList->AddSubList(LIST_TYPE_3PRG);
+             RIFF::List* _3ewl = _3prg->AddSubList(LIST_TYPE_3EWL);
+             pDimensionRegions[0] = new DimensionRegion(_3ewl);
+             DimensionRegions = 1;
+         }
+     }
+     /**
+      * Apply Region settings and all its DimensionRegions to the respective
+      * RIFF chunks. You have to call File::Save() to make changes persistent.
+      *
+      * Usually there is absolutely no need to call this method explicitly.
+      * It will be called automatically when File::Save() was called.
+      *
+      * @throws gig::Exception if samples cannot be dereferenced
+      */
+     void Region::UpdateChunks() {
+         // first update base class's chunks
+         DLS::Region::UpdateChunks();
+         // update dimension region's chunks
+         for (int i = 0; i < DimensionRegions; i++) {
+             pDimensionRegions[i]->UpdateChunks();
+         }
+         File* pFile = (File*) GetParent()->GetParent();
+         const int iMaxDimensions = (pFile->pVersion && pFile->pVersion->major == 3) ? 8 : 5;
+         const int iMaxDimensionRegions = (pFile->pVersion && pFile->pVersion->major == 3) ? 256 : 32;
+         // make sure '3lnk' chunk exists
+         RIFF::Chunk* _3lnk = pCkRegion->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3LNK);
+         if (!_3lnk) {
+             const int _3lnkChunkSize = (pFile->pVersion && pFile->pVersion->major == 3) ? 1092 : 172;
+             _3lnk = pCkRegion->AddSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3LNK, _3lnkChunkSize);
+         }
+         // update dimension definitions in '3lnk' chunk
+         uint8_t* pData = (uint8_t*) _3lnk->LoadChunkData();
+         for (int i = 0; i < iMaxDimensions; i++) {
+             pData[i * 8]     = (uint8_t) pDimensionDefinitions[i].dimension;
+             pData[i * 8 + 1] = pDimensionDefinitions[i].bits;
+             // next 2 bytes unknown
+             pData[i * 8 + 4] = pDimensionDefinitions[i].zones;
+             // next 3 bytes unknown
+         }
+         // update wave pool table in '3lnk' chunk
+         const int iWavePoolOffset = (pFile->pVersion && pFile->pVersion->major == 3) ? 68 : 44;
+         for (uint i = 0; i < iMaxDimensionRegions; i++) {
+             int iWaveIndex = -1;
+             if (i < DimensionRegions) {
+                 if (!pFile->pSamples || !pFile->pSamples->size()) throw gig::Exception("Could not update gig::Region, there are no samples");
+                 File::SampleList::iterator iter = pFile->pSamples->begin();
+                 File::SampleList::iterator end  = pFile->pSamples->end();
+                 for (int index = 0; iter != end; ++iter, ++index) {
+                     if (*iter == pDimensionRegions[i]->pSample) {
+                         iWaveIndex = index;
+                         break;
+                     }
+                 }
+                 if (iWaveIndex < 0) throw gig::Exception("Could not update gig::Region, could not find DimensionRegion's sample");
+             }
+             memcpy(&pData[iWavePoolOffset + i * 4], &iWaveIndex, 4);
+         }
      }
      void Region::LoadDimensionRegions(RIFF::List* rgn) {
-Line 1002 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2233 
 namespace gig {
          }
      }
+     void Region::UpdateVelocityTable(dimension_def_t* pDimDef) {
+         // get dimension's index
+         int iDimensionNr = -1;
+         for (int i = 0; i < Dimensions; i++) {
+             if (&pDimensionDefinitions[i] == pDimDef) {
+                 iDimensionNr = i;
+                 break;
+             }
+         }
+         if (iDimensionNr < 0) throw gig::Exception("Invalid dimension_def_t pointer");
+         uint8_t bits[8] = { 0 };
+         int previousUpperLimit = -1;
+         for (int velocityZone = 0; velocityZone < pDimDef->zones; velocityZone++) {
+             bits[iDimensionNr] = velocityZone;
+             DimensionRegion* pDimRegion = GetDimensionRegionByBit(bits);
+             pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].low  = previousUpperLimit + 1;
+             pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].high = pDimRegion->VelocityUpperLimit;
+             previousUpperLimit = pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].high;
+             // fill velocity table
+             for (int i = pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].low; i <= pDimDef->ranges[velocityZone].high; i++) {
+                 VelocityTable[i] = velocityZone;
+             }
+         }
+     }
+     /** @brief Einstein would have dreamed of it - create a new dimension.
+      *
+      * Creates a new dimension with the dimension definition given by
+      * \a pDimDef. The appropriate amount of DimensionRegions will be created.
+      * There is a hard limit of dimensions and total amount of "bits" all
+      * dimensions can have. This limit is dependant to what gig file format
+      * version this file refers to. The gig v2 (and lower) format has a
+      * dimension limit and total amount of bits limit of 5, whereas the gig v3
+      * format has a limit of 8.
+      *
+      * @param pDimDef - defintion of the new dimension
+      * @throws gig::Exception if dimension of the same type exists already
+      * @throws gig::Exception if amount of dimensions or total amount of
+      *                        dimension bits limit is violated
+      */
+     void Region::AddDimension(dimension_def_t* pDimDef) {
+         // check if max. amount of dimensions reached
+         File* file = (File*) GetParent()->GetParent();
+         const int iMaxDimensions = (file->pVersion && file->pVersion->major == 3) ? 8 : 5;
+         if (Dimensions >= iMaxDimensions)
+             throw gig::Exception("Could not add new dimension, max. amount of " + ToString(iMaxDimensions) + " dimensions already reached");
+         // check if max. amount of dimension bits reached
+         int iCurrentBits = 0;
+         for (int i = 0; i < Dimensions; i++)
+             iCurrentBits += pDimensionDefinitions[i].bits;
+         if (iCurrentBits >= iMaxDimensions)
+             throw gig::Exception("Could not add new dimension, max. amount of " + ToString(iMaxDimensions) + " dimension bits already reached");
+         const int iNewBits = iCurrentBits + pDimDef->bits;
+         if (iNewBits > iMaxDimensions)
+             throw gig::Exception("Could not add new dimension, new dimension would exceed max. amount of " + ToString(iMaxDimensions) + " dimension bits");
+         // check if there's already a dimensions of the same type
+         for (int i = 0; i < Dimensions; i++)
+             if (pDimensionDefinitions[i].dimension == pDimDef->dimension)
+                 throw gig::Exception("Could not add new dimension, there is already a dimension of the same type");
+         // assign definition of new dimension
+         pDimensionDefinitions[Dimensions] = *pDimDef;
+         // create new dimension region(s) for this new dimension
+         for (int i = 1 << iCurrentBits; i < 1 << iNewBits; i++) {
+             //TODO: maybe we should copy existing dimension regions if possible instead of simply creating new ones with default values
+             RIFF::List* pNewDimRgnListChunk = pCkRegion->AddSubList(LIST_TYPE_3EWL);
+             pDimensionRegions[i] = new DimensionRegion(pNewDimRgnListChunk);
+             DimensionRegions++;
+         }
+         Dimensions++;
+         // if this is a layer dimension, update 'Layers' attribute
+         if (pDimDef->dimension == dimension_layer) Layers = pDimDef->zones;
+         // if this is velocity dimension and got custom defined ranges, update velocity table
+         if (pDimDef->dimension  == dimension_velocity &&
+             pDimDef->split_type == split_type_customvelocity) {
+             UpdateVelocityTable(pDimDef);
+         }
+     }
+     /** @brief Delete an existing dimension.
+      *
+      * Deletes the dimension given by \a pDimDef and deletes all respective
+      * dimension regions, that is all dimension regions where the dimension's
+      * bit(s) part is greater than 0. In case of a 'sustain pedal' dimension
+      * for example this would delete all dimension regions for the case(s)
+      * where the sustain pedal is pressed down.
+      *
+      * @param pDimDef - dimension to delete
+      * @throws gig::Exception if given dimension cannot be found
+      */
+     void Region::DeleteDimension(dimension_def_t* pDimDef) {
+         // get dimension's index
+         int iDimensionNr = -1;
+         for (int i = 0; i < Dimensions; i++) {
+             if (&pDimensionDefinitions[i] == pDimDef) {
+                 iDimensionNr = i;
+                 break;
+             }
+         }
+         if (iDimensionNr < 0) throw gig::Exception("Invalid dimension_def_t pointer");
+         // get amount of bits below the dimension to delete
+         int iLowerBits = 0;
+         for (int i = 0; i < iDimensionNr; i++)
+             iLowerBits += pDimensionDefinitions[i].bits;
+         // get amount ot bits above the dimension to delete
+         int iUpperBits = 0;
+         for (int i = iDimensionNr + 1; i < Dimensions; i++)
+             iUpperBits += pDimensionDefinitions[i].bits;
+         // delete dimension regions which belong to the given dimension
+         // (that is where the dimension's bit > 0)
+         for (int iUpperBit = 0; iUpperBit < 1 << iUpperBits; iUpperBit++) {
+             for (int iObsoleteBit = 1; iObsoleteBit < 1 << pDimensionDefinitions[iDimensionNr].bits; iObsoleteBit++) {
+                 for (int iLowerBit = 0; iLowerBit < 1 << iLowerBits; iLowerBit++) {
+                     int iToDelete = iUpperBit    << (pDimensionDefinitions[iDimensionNr].bits + iLowerBits) |
+                                     iObsoleteBit << iLowerBits |
+                                     iLowerBit;
+                     delete pDimensionRegions[iToDelete];
+                     pDimensionRegions[iToDelete] = NULL;
+                     DimensionRegions--;
+                 }
+             }
+         }
+         // defrag pDimensionRegions array
+         // (that is remove the NULL spaces within the pDimensionRegions array)
+         for (int iFrom = 2, iTo = 1; iFrom < 256 && iTo < 256 - 1; iTo++) {
+             if (!pDimensionRegions[iTo]) {
+                 if (iFrom <= iTo) iFrom = iTo + 1;
+                 while (!pDimensionRegions[iFrom] && iFrom < 256) iFrom++;
+                 if (iFrom < 256 && pDimensionRegions[iFrom]) {
+                     pDimensionRegions[iTo]   = pDimensionRegions[iFrom];
+                     pDimensionRegions[iFrom] = NULL;
+                 }
+             }
+         }
+         // 'remove' dimension definition
+         for (int i = iDimensionNr + 1; i < Dimensions; i++) {
+             pDimensionDefinitions[i - 1] = pDimensionDefinitions[i];
+         }
+         pDimensionDefinitions[Dimensions - 1].dimension = dimension_none;
+         pDimensionDefinitions[Dimensions - 1].bits      = 0;
+         pDimensionDefinitions[Dimensions - 1].zones     = 0;
+         if (pDimensionDefinitions[Dimensions - 1].ranges) {
+             delete[] pDimensionDefinitions[Dimensions - 1].ranges;
+             pDimensionDefinitions[Dimensions - 1].ranges = NULL;
+         }
+         Dimensions--;
+         // if this was a layer dimension, update 'Layers' attribute
+         if (pDimDef->dimension == dimension_layer) Layers = 1;
+     }
      Region::~Region() {
          for (uint i = 0; i < Dimensions; i++) {
              if (pDimensionDefinitions[i].ranges) delete[] pDimensionDefinitions[i].ranges;
          }
-         for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+         for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
              if (pDimensionRegions[i]) delete pDimensionRegions[i];
          }
      }
-Line 1024 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2418 
 namespace gig {
       * left channel, 1 for right channel or 0 for layer 0, 1 for layer 1,
       * etc.).
       *
-      * @param  Dim4Val  MIDI controller value (0-127) for dimension 4
+      * @param  DimValues  MIDI controller values (0-127) for dimension 0 to 7
-      * @param  Dim3Val  MIDI controller value (0-127) for dimension 3
-      * @param  Dim2Val  MIDI controller value (0-127) for dimension 2
-      * @param  Dim1Val  MIDI controller value (0-127) for dimension 1
-      * @param  Dim0Val  MIDI controller value (0-127) for dimension 0
       * @returns         adress to the DimensionRegion for the given situation
       * @see             pDimensionDefinitions
       * @see             Dimensions
       */
-     DimensionRegion* Region::GetDimensionRegionByValue(uint Dim4Val, uint Dim3Val, uint Dim2Val, uint Dim1Val, uint Dim0Val) {
+     DimensionRegion* Region::GetDimensionRegionByValue(const uint DimValues[8]) {
-         unsigned int bits[5] = {Dim0Val,Dim1Val,Dim2Val,Dim3Val,Dim4Val};
+         uint8_t bits[8] = { 0 };
          for (uint i = 0; i < Dimensions; i++) {
+             bits[i] = DimValues[i];
              switch (pDimensionDefinitions[i].split_type) {
                  case split_type_normal:
-                     bits[i] /= pDimensionDefinitions[i].zone_size;
+                     bits[i] = uint8_t(bits[i] / pDimensionDefinitions[i].zone_size);
                      break;
                  case split_type_customvelocity:
                      bits[i] = VelocityTable[bits[i]];
                      break;
-                 // else the value is already the sought dimension bit number
+                 case split_type_bit: // the value is already the sought dimension bit number
+                     const uint8_t limiter_mask = (0xff << pDimensionDefinitions[i].bits) ^ 0xff;
+                     bits[i] = bits[i] & limiter_mask; // just make sure the value don't uses more bits than allowed
+                     break;
              }
          }
-         return GetDimensionRegionByBit(bits[4],bits[3],bits[2],bits[1],bits[0]);
+         return GetDimensionRegionByBit(bits);
      }
      /**
-Line 1054 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2448 
 namespace gig {
       * numbers (zone index). You usually use <i>GetDimensionRegionByValue</i>
       * instead of calling this method directly!
       *
-      * @param Dim4Bit  Bit number for dimension 4
+      * @param DimBits  Bit numbers for dimension 0 to 7
-      * @param Dim3Bit  Bit number for dimension 3
-      * @param Dim2Bit  Bit number for dimension 2
-      * @param Dim1Bit  Bit number for dimension 1
-      * @param Dim0Bit  Bit number for dimension 0
       * @returns        adress to the DimensionRegion for the given dimension
       *                 bit numbers
       * @see            GetDimensionRegionByValue()
       */
-     DimensionRegion* Region::GetDimensionRegionByBit(uint8_t Dim4Bit, uint8_t Dim3Bit, uint8_t Dim2Bit, uint8_t Dim1Bit, uint8_t Dim0Bit) {
+     DimensionRegion* Region::GetDimensionRegionByBit(const uint8_t DimBits[8]) {
-         return *(pDimensionRegions + ((((((((Dim4Bit << pDimensionDefinitions[3].bits) | Dim3Bit)
+         return pDimensionRegions[((((((DimBits[7] << pDimensionDefinitions[6].bits | DimBits[6])
-                                                      << pDimensionDefinitions[2].bits) | Dim2Bit)
+                                                   << pDimensionDefinitions[5].bits | DimBits[5])
-                                                      << pDimensionDefinitions[1].bits) | Dim1Bit)
+                                                   << pDimensionDefinitions[4].bits | DimBits[4])
-                                                      << pDimensionDefinitions[0].bits) | Dim0Bit) );
+                                                   << pDimensionDefinitions[3].bits | DimBits[3])
+                                                   << pDimensionDefinitions[2].bits | DimBits[2])
+                                                   << pDimensionDefinitions[1].bits | DimBits[1])
+                                                   << pDimensionDefinitions[0].bits | DimBits[0]];
      }
      /**
-Line 1084 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2477 
 namespace gig {
          else         return static_cast<gig::Sample*>(pSample = GetSampleFromWavePool(WavePoolTableIndex));
      }
-     Sample* Region::GetSampleFromWavePool(unsigned int WavePoolTableIndex) {
+     Sample* Region::GetSampleFromWavePool(unsigned int WavePoolTableIndex, progress_t* pProgress) {
+         if ((int32_t)WavePoolTableIndex == -1) return NULL;
          File* file = (File*) GetParent()->GetParent();
          unsigned long soughtoffset = file->pWavePoolTable[WavePoolTableIndex];
-         Sample* sample = file->GetFirstSample();
+         unsigned long soughtfileno = file->pWavePoolTableHi[WavePoolTableIndex];
+         Sample* sample = file->GetFirstSample(pProgress);
          while (sample) {
-             if (sample->ulWavePoolOffset == soughtoffset) return static_cast<gig::Sample*>(pSample = sample);
+             if (sample->ulWavePoolOffset == soughtoffset &&
+                 sample->FileNo == soughtfileno) return static_cast<gig::Sample*>(pSample = sample);
              sample = file->GetNextSample();
          }
          return NULL;
-Line 1100 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2496 
 namespace gig {
  // *************** Instrument ***************
  // *
-     Instrument::Instrument(File* pFile, RIFF::List* insList) : DLS::Instrument((DLS::File*)pFile, insList) {
+     Instrument::Instrument(File* pFile, RIFF::List* insList, progress_t* pProgress) : DLS::Instrument((DLS::File*)pFile, insList) {
          // Initialization
          for (int i = 0; i < 128; i++) RegionKeyTable[i] = NULL;
-         RegionIndex = -1;
          // Loading
          RIFF::List* lart = insList->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_LART);
-Line 1119 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2514 
 namespace gig {
                  DimensionKeyRange.low  = dimkeystart >> 1;
                  DimensionKeyRange.high = _3ewg->ReadUint8();
              }
-             else throw gig::Exception("Mandatory <3ewg> chunk not found.");
          }
-         else throw gig::Exception("Mandatory <lart> list chunk not found.");
+         if (!pRegions) pRegions = new RegionList;
          RIFF::List* lrgn = insList->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_LRGN);
-         if (!lrgn) throw gig::Exception("Mandatory chunks in <ins > chunk not found.");
+         if (lrgn) {
-         pRegions = new Region*[Regions];
+             RIFF::List* rgn = lrgn->GetFirstSubList();
-         RIFF::List* rgn = lrgn->GetFirstSubList();
+             while (rgn) {
-         unsigned int iRegion = 0;
+                 if (rgn->GetListType() == LIST_TYPE_RGN) {
-         while (rgn) {
+                     __notify_progress(pProgress, (float) pRegions->size() / (float) Regions);
-             if (rgn->GetListType() == LIST_TYPE_RGN) {
+                     pRegions->push_back(new Region(this, rgn));
-                 pRegions[iRegion] = new Region(this, rgn);
+                 }
-                 iRegion++;
+                 rgn = lrgn->GetNextSubList();
-             }
-             rgn = lrgn->GetNextSubList();
-         }
-         // Creating Region Key Table for fast lookup
-         for (uint iReg = 0; iReg < Regions; iReg++) {
-             for (int iKey = pRegions[iReg]->KeyRange.low; iKey <= pRegions[iReg]->KeyRange.high; iKey++) {
-                 RegionKeyTable[iKey] = pRegions[iReg];
              }
+             // Creating Region Key Table for fast lookup
+             UpdateRegionKeyTable();
          }
+         __notify_progress(pProgress, 1.0f); // notify done
      }
-     Instrument::~Instrument() {
+     void Instrument::UpdateRegionKeyTable() {
-         for (uint i = 0; i < Regions; i++) {
+         RegionList::iterator iter = pRegions->begin();
-             if (pRegions) {
+         RegionList::iterator end  = pRegions->end();
-                 if (pRegions[i]) delete (pRegions[i]);
+         for (; iter != end; ++iter) {
+             gig::Region* pRegion = static_cast<gig::Region*>(*iter);
+             for (int iKey = pRegion->KeyRange.low; iKey <= pRegion->KeyRange.high; iKey++) {
+                 RegionKeyTable[iKey] = pRegion;
              }
-             delete[] pRegions;
          }
      }
+     Instrument::~Instrument() {
+     }
+     /**
+      * Apply Instrument with all its Regions to the respective RIFF chunks.
+      * You have to call File::Save() to make changes persistent.
+      *
+      * Usually there is absolutely no need to call this method explicitly.
+      * It will be called automatically when File::Save() was called.
+      *
+      * @throws gig::Exception if samples cannot be dereferenced
+      */
+     void Instrument::UpdateChunks() {
+         // first update base classes' chunks
+         DLS::Instrument::UpdateChunks();
+         // update Regions' chunks
+         {
+             RegionList::iterator iter = pRegions->begin();
+             RegionList::iterator end  = pRegions->end();
+             for (; iter != end; ++iter)
+                 (*iter)->UpdateChunks();
+         }
+         // make sure 'lart' RIFF list chunk exists
+         RIFF::List* lart = pCkInstrument->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_LART);
+         if (!lart)  lart = pCkInstrument->AddSubList(LIST_TYPE_LART);
+         // make sure '3ewg' RIFF chunk exists
+         RIFF::Chunk* _3ewg = lart->GetSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3EWG);
+         if (!_3ewg)  _3ewg = lart->AddSubChunk(CHUNK_ID_3EWG, 12);
+         // update '3ewg' RIFF chunk
+         uint8_t* pData = (uint8_t*) _3ewg->LoadChunkData();
+         memcpy(&pData[0], &EffectSend, 2);
+         memcpy(&pData[2], &Attenuation, 4);
+         memcpy(&pData[6], &FineTune, 2);
+         memcpy(&pData[8], &PitchbendRange, 2);
+         const uint8_t dimkeystart = (PianoReleaseMode) ? 0x01 : 0x00 |
+                                     DimensionKeyRange.low << 1;
+         memcpy(&pData[10], &dimkeystart, 1);
+         memcpy(&pData[11], &DimensionKeyRange.high, 1);
+     }
      /**
       * Returns the appropriate Region for a triggered note.
       *
-Line 1161 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2595 
 namespace gig {
       *             there is no Region defined for the given \a Key
       */
      Region* Instrument::GetRegion(unsigned int Key) {
-         if (!pRegions || Key > 127) return NULL;
+         if (!pRegions || !pRegions->size() || Key > 127) return NULL;
          return RegionKeyTable[Key];
          /*for (int i = 0; i < Regions; i++) {
              if (Key <= pRegions[i]->KeyRange.high &&
                  Key >= pRegions[i]->KeyRange.low) return pRegions[i];
-Line 1178 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2613 
 namespace gig {
       * @see      GetNextRegion()
       */
      Region* Instrument::GetFirstRegion() {
-         if (!Regions) return NULL;
+         if (!pRegions) return NULL;
-         RegionIndex = 1;
+         RegionsIterator = pRegions->begin();
-         return pRegions[0];
+         return static_cast<gig::Region*>( (RegionsIterator != pRegions->end()) ? *RegionsIterator : NULL );
      }
      /**
-Line 1192 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2627 
 namespace gig {
       * @see      GetFirstRegion()
       */
      Region* Instrument::GetNextRegion() {
-         if (RegionIndex < 0 || RegionIndex >= Regions) return NULL;
+         if (!pRegions) return NULL;
-         return pRegions[RegionIndex++];
+         RegionsIterator++;
+         return static_cast<gig::Region*>( (RegionsIterator != pRegions->end()) ? *RegionsIterator : NULL );
+     }
+     Region* Instrument::AddRegion() {
+         // create new Region object (and its RIFF chunks)
+         RIFF::List* lrgn = pCkInstrument->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_LRGN);
+         if (!lrgn)  lrgn = pCkInstrument->AddSubList(LIST_TYPE_LRGN);
+         RIFF::List* rgn = lrgn->AddSubList(LIST_TYPE_RGN);
+         Region* pNewRegion = new Region(this, rgn);
+         pRegions->push_back(pNewRegion);
+         Regions = pRegions->size();
+         // update Region key table for fast lookup
+         UpdateRegionKeyTable();
+         // done
+         return pNewRegion;
+     }
+     void Instrument::DeleteRegion(Region* pRegion) {
+         if (!pRegions) return;
+         DLS::Instrument::DeleteRegion((DLS::Region*) pRegion);
+         // update Region key table for fast lookup
+         UpdateRegionKeyTable();
      }
-Line 1201 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2658 
 namespace gig {
  // *************** File ***************
  // *
+     File::File() : DLS::File() {
+     }
      File::File(RIFF::File* pRIFF) : DLS::File(pRIFF) {
-         pSamples     = NULL;
-         pInstruments = NULL;
      }
-     Sample* File::GetFirstSample() {
+     File::~File() {
-         if (!pSamples) LoadSamples();
+         // free extension files
+         for (std::list<RIFF::File*>::iterator i = ExtensionFiles.begin() ; i != ExtensionFiles.end() ; i++)
+             delete *i;
+     }
+     Sample* File::GetFirstSample(progress_t* pProgress) {
+         if (!pSamples) LoadSamples(pProgress);
          if (!pSamples) return NULL;
          SamplesIterator = pSamples->begin();
          return static_cast<gig::Sample*>( (SamplesIterator != pSamples->end()) ? *SamplesIterator : NULL );
-Line 1219 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2683 
 namespace gig {
          return static_cast<gig::Sample*>( (SamplesIterator != pSamples->end()) ? *SamplesIterator : NULL );
      }
+     /** @brief Add a new sample.
+      *
+      * This will create a new Sample object for the gig file. You have to
+      * call Save() to make this persistent to the file.
+      *
+      * @returns pointer to new Sample object
+      */
+     Sample* File::AddSample() {
+        if (!pSamples) LoadSamples();
+        __ensureMandatoryChunksExist();
+        RIFF::List* wvpl = pRIFF->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_WVPL);
+        // create new Sample object and its respective 'wave' list chunk
+        RIFF::List* wave = wvpl->AddSubList(LIST_TYPE_WAVE);
+        Sample* pSample = new Sample(this, wave, 0 /*arbitrary value, we update offsets when we save*/);
+        pSamples->push_back(pSample);
+        return pSample;
+     }
+     /** @brief Delete a sample.
+      *
+      * This will delete the given Sample object from the gig file. You have
+      * to call Save() to make this persistent to the file.
+      *
+      * @param pSample - sample to delete
+      * @throws gig::Exception if given sample could not be found
+      */
+     void File::DeleteSample(Sample* pSample) {
+         if (!pSamples || !pSamples->size()) throw gig::Exception("Could not delete sample as there are no samples");
+         SampleList::iterator iter = find(pSamples->begin(), pSamples->end(), (DLS::Sample*) pSample);
+         if (iter == pSamples->end()) throw gig::Exception("Could not delete sample, could not find given sample");
+         pSamples->erase(iter);
+         delete pSample;
+     }
      void File::LoadSamples() {
-         RIFF::List* wvpl = pRIFF->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_WVPL);
+         LoadSamples(NULL);
-         if (wvpl) {
+     }
-             unsigned long wvplFileOffset = wvpl->GetFilePos();
-             RIFF::List* wave = wvpl->GetFirstSubList();
+     void File::LoadSamples(progress_t* pProgress) {
-             while (wave) {
+         if (!pSamples) pSamples = new SampleList;
-                 if (wave->GetListType() == LIST_TYPE_WAVE) {
-                     if (!pSamples) pSamples = new SampleList;
+         RIFF::File* file = pRIFF;
-                     unsigned long waveFileOffset = wave->GetFilePos();
-                     pSamples->push_back(new Sample(this, wave, waveFileOffset - wvplFileOffset));
+         // just for progress calculation
+         int iSampleIndex  = 0;
+         int iTotalSamples = WavePoolCount;
+         // check if samples should be loaded from extension files
+         int lastFileNo = 0;
+         for (int i = 0 ; i < WavePoolCount ; i++) {
+             if (pWavePoolTableHi[i] > lastFileNo) lastFileNo = pWavePoolTableHi[i];
+         }
+         String name(pRIFF->GetFileName());
+         int nameLen = name.length();
+         char suffix[6];
+         if (nameLen > 4 && name.substr(nameLen - 4) == ".gig") nameLen -= 4;
+         for (int fileNo = 0 ; ; ) {
+             RIFF::List* wvpl = file->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_WVPL);
+             if (wvpl) {
+                 unsigned long wvplFileOffset = wvpl->GetFilePos();
+                 RIFF::List* wave = wvpl->GetFirstSubList();
+                 while (wave) {
+                     if (wave->GetListType() == LIST_TYPE_WAVE) {
+                         // notify current progress
+                         const float subprogress = (float) iSampleIndex / (float) iTotalSamples;
+                         __notify_progress(pProgress, subprogress);
+                         unsigned long waveFileOffset = wave->GetFilePos();
+                         pSamples->push_back(new Sample(this, wave, waveFileOffset - wvplFileOffset, fileNo));
+                         iSampleIndex++;
+                     }
+                     wave = wvpl->GetNextSubList();
                  }
-                 wave = wvpl->GetNextSubList();
-             }
+                 if (fileNo == lastFileNo) break;
+                 // open extension file (*.gx01, *.gx02, ...)
+                 fileNo++;
+                 sprintf(suffix, ".gx%02d", fileNo);
+                 name.replace(nameLen, 5, suffix);
+                 file = new RIFF::File(name);
+                 ExtensionFiles.push_back(file);
+             } else break;
          }
-         else throw gig::Exception("Mandatory <wvpl> chunk not found.");
+         __notify_progress(pProgress, 1.0); // notify done
      }
      Instrument* File::GetFirstInstrument() {
          if (!pInstruments) LoadInstruments();
          if (!pInstruments) return NULL;
          InstrumentsIterator = pInstruments->begin();
-         return (InstrumentsIterator != pInstruments->end()) ? *InstrumentsIterator : NULL;
+         return static_cast<gig::Instrument*>( (InstrumentsIterator != pInstruments->end()) ? *InstrumentsIterator : NULL );
      }
      Instrument* File::GetNextInstrument() {
          if (!pInstruments) return NULL;
          InstrumentsIterator++;
-         return (InstrumentsIterator != pInstruments->end()) ? *InstrumentsIterator : NULL;
+         return static_cast<gig::Instrument*>( (InstrumentsIterator != pInstruments->end()) ? *InstrumentsIterator : NULL );
      }
      /**
       * Returns the instrument with the given index.
       *
+      * @param index     - number of the sought instrument (0..n)
+      * @param pProgress - optional: callback function for progress notification
       * @returns  sought instrument or NULL if there's no such instrument
       */
-     Instrument* File::GetInstrument(uint index) {
+     Instrument* File::GetInstrument(uint index, progress_t* pProgress) {
-         if (!pInstruments) LoadInstruments();
+         if (!pInstruments) {
+             // TODO: hack - we simply load ALL samples here, it would have been done in the Region constructor anyway (ATM)
+             // sample loading subtask
+             progress_t subprogress;
+             __divide_progress(pProgress, &subprogress, 3.0f, 0.0f); // randomly schedule 33% for this subtask
+             __notify_progress(&subprogress, 0.0f);
+             GetFirstSample(&subprogress); // now force all samples to be loaded
+             __notify_progress(&subprogress, 1.0f);
+             // instrument loading subtask
+             if (pProgress && pProgress->callback) {
+                 subprogress.__range_min = subprogress.__range_max;
+                 subprogress.__range_max = pProgress->__range_max; // schedule remaining percentage for this subtask
+             }
+             __notify_progress(&subprogress, 0.0f);
+             LoadInstruments(&subprogress);
+             __notify_progress(&subprogress, 1.0f);
+         }
          if (!pInstruments) return NULL;
          InstrumentsIterator = pInstruments->begin();
          for (uint i = 0; InstrumentsIterator != pInstruments->end(); i++) {
-             if (i == index) return *InstrumentsIterator;
+             if (i == index) return static_cast<gig::Instrument*>( *InstrumentsIterator );
              InstrumentsIterator++;
          }
          return NULL;
      }
+     /** @brief Add a new instrument definition.
+      *
+      * This will create a new Instrument object for the gig file. You have
+      * to call Save() to make this persistent to the file.
+      *
+      * @returns pointer to new Instrument object
+      */
+     Instrument* File::AddInstrument() {
+        if (!pInstruments) LoadInstruments();
+        __ensureMandatoryChunksExist();
+        RIFF::List* lstInstruments = pRIFF->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_LINS);
+        RIFF::List* lstInstr = lstInstruments->AddSubList(LIST_TYPE_INS);
+        Instrument* pInstrument = new Instrument(this, lstInstr);
+        pInstruments->push_back(pInstrument);
+        return pInstrument;
+     }
+     /** @brief Delete an instrument.
+      *
+      * This will delete the given Instrument object from the gig file. You
+      * have to call Save() to make this persistent to the file.
+      *
+      * @param pInstrument - instrument to delete
+      * @throws gig::Excption if given instrument could not be found
+      */
+     void File::DeleteInstrument(Instrument* pInstrument) {
+         if (!pInstruments) throw gig::Exception("Could not delete instrument as there are no instruments");
+         InstrumentList::iterator iter = find(pInstruments->begin(), pInstruments->end(), (DLS::Instrument*) pInstrument);
+         if (iter == pInstruments->end()) throw gig::Exception("Could not delete instrument, could not find given instrument");
+         pInstruments->erase(iter);
+         delete pInstrument;
+     }
      void File::LoadInstruments() {
+         LoadInstruments(NULL);
+     }
+     void File::LoadInstruments(progress_t* pProgress) {
+         if (!pInstruments) pInstruments = new InstrumentList;
          RIFF::List* lstInstruments = pRIFF->GetSubList(LIST_TYPE_LINS);
          if (lstInstruments) {
+             int iInstrumentIndex = 0;
              RIFF::List* lstInstr = lstInstruments->GetFirstSubList();
              while (lstInstr) {
                  if (lstInstr->GetListType() == LIST_TYPE_INS) {
-                     if (!pInstruments) pInstruments = new InstrumentList;
+                     // notify current progress
-                     pInstruments->push_back(new Instrument(this, lstInstr));
+                     const float localProgress = (float) iInstrumentIndex / (float) Instruments;
+                     __notify_progress(pProgress, localProgress);
+                     // divide local progress into subprogress for loading current Instrument
+                     progress_t subprogress;
+                     __divide_progress(pProgress, &subprogress, Instruments, iInstrumentIndex);
+                     pInstruments->push_back(new Instrument(this, lstInstr, &subprogress));
+                     iInstrumentIndex++;
                  }
                  lstInstr = lstInstruments->GetNextSubList();
              }
+             __notify_progress(pProgress, 1.0); // notify done
          }
-         else throw gig::Exception("Mandatory <lins> list chunk not found.");
      }
-Line 1292 
 namespace gig {
+Line 2897 
 namespace gig {
          std::cout << "gig::Exception: " << Message << std::endl;
      }
+ // *************** functions ***************
+ // *
+     /**
+      * Returns the name of this C++ library. This is usually "libgig" of
+      * course. This call is equivalent to RIFF::libraryName() and
+      * DLS::libraryName().
+      */
+     String libraryName() {
+         return PACKAGE;
+     }
+     /**
+      * Returns version of this C++ library. This call is equivalent to
+      * RIFF::libraryVersion() and DLS::libraryVersion().
+      */
+     String libraryVersion() {
+         return VERSION;
+     }
  } // namespace gig

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