/*
 * Copyright (c) 2016 - 2019 Christian Schoenebeck
 *
 * http://www.linuxsampler.org
 *
 * This file is part of LinuxSampler and released under the same terms.
 * See README file for details.
 */ 

#ifndef LS_NOTE_H
#define LS_NOTE_H

#include "../../common/Pool.h"
#include "Event.h"
#include "Fade.h"

#define DEFAULT_NOTE_VOLUME_TIME_S  0.013f /* 13ms */
#define DEFAULT_NOTE_PITCH_TIME_S   0.013f /* 13ms */
#define DEFAULT_NOTE_PAN_TIME_S     0.013f /* 13ms */

namespace LinuxSampler {

    /// Whether release trigger sample(s) should be played and if yes under which circumstance(s). Options are bit flags to be able to combine them bitwise.
    enum release_trigger_t {
        release_trigger_none = 0, ///< Don't play release trigger sample.
        release_trigger_noteoff = 1, ///< Play release trigger sample on MIDI note-off event.
        release_trigger_sustain_maxvelocity = (1 << 1), ///< Play release trigger sample on sustain pedal up, use 127 as MIDI velocity.
        release_trigger_sustain_keyvelocity = (1 << 2)  ///< Play release trigger sample on sustain pedal up, use latest MIDI note-on velocity on key.
    };

    /// convenience macro for checking playing release trigger sample by sustain pedal in general
    #define release_trigger_sustain \
        (release_trigger_sustain_maxvelocity | release_trigger_sustain_keyvelocity)

    // remove strictness of C++ regarding raw bitwise operations (on type release_trigger_t)
    inline release_trigger_t operator|(release_trigger_t a, release_trigger_t b) {
        return (release_trigger_t) ((int)a | (int)b);
    }
    inline release_trigger_t& operator|=(release_trigger_t& a, release_trigger_t b) {
        a = (release_trigger_t) ((int)a | (int)b);
        return a;
    }

    /**
     * Abstract base class of its deriving @c Note class, this class (NoteBase)
     * is not intended to be instantiated directly. It just provides access to
     * the parts of a Note object which do not depend on any C++ template
     * parameter.
     */
    class NoteBase {
    public:
        enum class ValueScope : unsigned char {
            RELATIVE = (unsigned char) Event::ValueScope::RELATIVE,
            FINAL_NORM = (unsigned char) Event::ValueScope::FINAL_NORM,
            FINAL_NATIVE = (unsigned char) Event::ValueScope::FINAL_NATIVE,
        };

        /**
         * General purpose note parameter value which might be both either in
         * normalized value range (0..1) or in a native unit (i.e. seconds, Hz)
         * depending on member variable @c Scope.
         */
        struct Param {
            float      Value;
            ValueScope Scope;

            Param() {
                Value = 1.f;
                Scope = ValueScope::RELATIVE;
            }

            bool isFinal() const {
                return Scope == ValueScope::FINAL_NORM ||
                       Scope == ValueScope::FINAL_NATIVE;
            }

            template<typename T>
            inline void applyTo(T& dst) {
                if (isFinal())
                    dst = Value;
                else
                    dst *= Value;
            }
        };

        /**
         * Parameter value being in normalized value range (0..1).
         */
        struct Norm {
            float Value;
            bool  Final;

            Norm() {
                Value = 1.f;
                Final = false;
            }

            template<typename T>
            inline void applyTo(T& dst) {
                if (Final)
                    dst = Value;
                else
                    dst *= Value;
            }
        };

        /**
         * Parameter value being in signed normalized value range (-1..+1).
         */
        struct SNorm {
            float   Value;
            bool    Final;
            int64_t Sources; ///< Might be used for calculating an average pan value in differential way: amount of times the @c Value had been changed and shall be calculated relatively upon.

            SNorm() {
                Value = 0.f;
                Final = false;
                Sources = 0;
            }
        };

        int hostKey; ///< Key on which this is @c Note is allocated on. This is usually the note-on event's note number, however in case of a child note this will rather be the parent note's key instead!
        note_id_t parentNoteID; ///< If not null: unique ID of the parent note of this note (see comments of field @c pChildNotes).
        RTList<note_id_t>* pChildNotes; ///< Note ID list of "child" notes of this note. These are special notes that must be released once this note gets released.
        Event cause; ///< Copy of the original event (usually a note-on event) which caused this note.
        event_id_t eventID; ///< Unique ID of the actual original @c Event which caused this note.
        sched_time_t triggerSchedTime; ///< Engine's scheduler time when this note was launched.
        /// Optional synthesis parameters that might be overridden (by calling real-time instrument script functions like change_vol(), change_pitch(), etc.).
        struct  _Override {
            Norm  Volume;       ///< as linear amplification ratio (1.0 being neutral)
            float VolumeTime;   ///< Transition duration (in seconds) for changes to @c Volume.
            Norm  Pitch;        ///< as linear frequency ratio (1.0 being neutral)
            float PitchTime;    ///< Transition duration (in seconds) for changes to @c Pitch.
            SNorm Pan;          ///< between -1.0 (most left) and +1.0 (most right) and 0.0 being neutral.
            float PanTime;      ///< Transition duration (in seconds) for changes to @c Pan.
            Param Cutoff;       ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Norm  Resonance;    ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Param Attack;       ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Param Decay;        ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Norm  Sustain;      ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Param Release;      ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Param CutoffAttack; ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Param CutoffDecay;  ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Norm  CutoffSustain;///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Param CutoffRelease;///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Norm  AmpLFODepth;  ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Param AmpLFOFreq;   ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Norm  CutoffLFODepth;///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Param CutoffLFOFreq; ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Norm  PitchLFODepth; ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            Param PitchLFOFreq; ///< between 0.0 and 1.0
            fade_curve_t VolumeCurve;
            fade_curve_t PitchCurve;
            fade_curve_t PanCurve;
            int SampleOffset; ///< Where the sample shall start playback in microseconds (otherwise this is -1 for being ignored).
        } Override;
        /// Sampler format specific informations and variables.
        union _Format {
            /// Gigasampler/GigaStudio format specifics.
            struct _Gig {
                uint8_t DimMask; ///< May be used to override the Dimension zone to be selected for a new voice: each 1 bit means that respective bit shall be overridden by taking the respective bit from DimBits instead.
                uint8_t DimBits; ///< Used only in conjunction with DimMask: Dimension bits that shall be selected.
            } Gig;
        } Format;
        vmint userPar[4]; ///< Used only for real-time instrument script functions set_event_par() and get_event_par() to store script author's user specific data ($EVENT_PAR_0 to $EVENT_PAR_3).

        inline
        void apply(RTList<Event>::Iterator& itEvent, Param _Override::*noteParam) {
            const Event::ValueScope& scope = itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Scope;
            switch (scope) {
                case Event::ValueScope::SELF_RELATIVE:
                    if ((this->Override.*noteParam).Scope == ValueScope::FINAL_NATIVE)
                        (this->Override.*noteParam) = Param();
                    itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                        ((this->Override.*noteParam).Value *= itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta);
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Scope = ValueScope::RELATIVE;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::RELATIVE:
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Value =
                        itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                            itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta;
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Scope = ValueScope::RELATIVE;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::FINAL_SELF_RELATIVE:
                    if ((this->Override.*noteParam).Scope == ValueScope::FINAL_NATIVE)
                        (this->Override.*noteParam) = Param();
                    itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                        ((this->Override.*noteParam).Value *= itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta);
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Scope = ValueScope::FINAL_NORM;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::FINAL_NORM:
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Value =
                        itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                            itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta;
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Scope = ValueScope::FINAL_NORM;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::FINAL_NATIVE:
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Value =
                        itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                            itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta;
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Scope = ValueScope::FINAL_NATIVE;
                    break;
            }
        }

        inline
        void apply(RTList<Event>::Iterator& itEvent, Norm _Override::*noteParam) {
            const Event::ValueScope& scope = itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Scope;
            switch (scope) {
                case Event::ValueScope::SELF_RELATIVE:
                    itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                        ((this->Override.*noteParam).Value *= itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta);
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Final = false;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::RELATIVE:
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Value =
                        itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                            itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta;
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Final = false;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::FINAL_SELF_RELATIVE:
                    itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                        ((this->Override.*noteParam).Value *= itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta);
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Final = true;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::FINAL_NORM:
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Value =
                        itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                            itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta;
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Final = true;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::FINAL_NATIVE:
                    dmsg(1,("BUG: Attempt to assign a value in native unit to a Note parameter being in normalized value range only!\n"));
                    break;
            }
        }

        inline
        void apply(RTList<Event>::Iterator& itEvent, SNorm _Override::*noteParam) {
            const Event::ValueScope& scope = itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Scope;
            switch (scope) {
                case Event::ValueScope::SELF_RELATIVE:
                    itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                        (this->Override.*noteParam).Value = RTMath::RelativeSummedAvg(
                            (this->Override.*noteParam).Value,
                            itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta,
                            ++(this->Override.*noteParam).Sources
                        );
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Final = false;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::RELATIVE:
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Value =
                        itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                            itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta;
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Sources = 1;
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Final = false;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::FINAL_SELF_RELATIVE:
                    itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                        (this->Override.*noteParam).Value = RTMath::RelativeSummedAvg(
                            (this->Override.*noteParam).Value,
                            itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta,
                            ++(this->Override.*noteParam).Sources
                        );
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Final = true;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::FINAL_NORM:
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Value =
                        itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.AbsValue =
                            itEvent->Param.NoteSynthParam.Delta;
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Sources = 1;
                    (this->Override.*noteParam).Final = true;
                    break;
                case Event::ValueScope::FINAL_NATIVE:
                    dmsg(1,("BUG: Attempt to assign a value in native unit to a Note parameter being in signed normalized value range only!\n"));
                    break;
            }
        }

        inline static ValueScope scopeBy_FinalUnit(bool bFinal, bool bNativeUnit) {
            if (!bFinal) return ValueScope::RELATIVE;
            return (bNativeUnit) ? ValueScope::FINAL_NATIVE : ValueScope::FINAL_NORM;
        }
    protected:
        NoteBase() : hostKey(0), parentNoteID(0), pChildNotes(NULL) {
            Override.Volume     = Norm();
            Override.VolumeTime = DEFAULT_NOTE_VOLUME_TIME_S;
            Override.Pitch      = Norm();
            Override.PitchTime  = DEFAULT_NOTE_PITCH_TIME_S;
            Override.Pan        = SNorm();
            Override.PanTime    = DEFAULT_NOTE_PAN_TIME_S;
            Override.Cutoff     = Param();
            Override.Resonance  = Norm();
            Override.Attack     = Param();
            Override.Decay      = Param();
            Override.Sustain    = Norm();
            Override.Release    = Param();
            Override.CutoffAttack  = Param();
            Override.CutoffDecay   = Param();
            Override.CutoffSustain = Norm();
            Override.CutoffRelease = Param();
            Override.AmpLFODepth   = Norm();
            Override.AmpLFOFreq    = Param();
            Override.CutoffLFODepth = Norm();
            Override.CutoffLFOFreq  = Param();
            Override.PitchLFODepth = Norm();
            Override.PitchLFOFreq  = Param();
            Override.VolumeCurve = DEFAULT_FADE_CURVE;
            Override.PitchCurve  = DEFAULT_FADE_CURVE;
            Override.PanCurve    = DEFAULT_FADE_CURVE;
            Override.SampleOffset = -1;

            Format = _Format();

            userPar[0] = 0;
            userPar[1] = 0;
            userPar[2] = 0;
            userPar[3] = 0;
        }
    };

    /**
     * Contains the voices caused by one specific note, as well as basic
     * information about the note itself. You can see a Note object as one
     * specific event in time where one or more voices were spawned at the same
     * time and all those voices due to the same cause.
     *
     * For example when you press down and hold the sustain pedal, and then
     * trigger the same note on the keyboard multiple times, for each key
     * strokes a separate Note instance is created. Assuming you have a layered
     * sound with 4 layers, then for each note that is triggered 4 voices will
     * be spawned and assigned to the same Note object. By grouping those voices
     * to one specific Note object, it allows to control the synthesis paramters
     * of those layered voices simultaniously.
     *
     * If your instrument contains a real-time instrument script, then that
     * script might also trigger additional voices programmatically (by
     * calling the built-in script function play_note()). Each time the script
     * calls play_note() a new Note instance is created and the script may then
     * further control the voices of specific notes independently from each
     * other. For example for each key stroke on your keyboard the instrument
     * script might trigger 3 additional notes programmatically and assign a
     * different tuning filter parameters for each one of the 3 notes
     * independently.
     */
    template<class V>
    class Note : public NoteBase {
    public:
        RTList<V>* pActiveVoices; ///< Contains the active voices associated with this note.

        Note() : NoteBase(), pActiveVoices(NULL) {}

        virtual ~Note() {
            if (pChildNotes) delete pChildNotes;
            if (pActiveVoices) delete pActiveVoices;
        }

        void init(Pool<V>* pVoicePool, Pool<note_id_t>* pNoteIDPool) {
            if (pActiveVoices) delete pActiveVoices;
            pActiveVoices = new RTList<V>(pVoicePool);
            if (pChildNotes) delete pChildNotes;
            pChildNotes = new RTList<note_id_t>(pNoteIDPool);
        }

        void reset() {
            hostKey = 0;
            parentNoteID = 0;
            if (pChildNotes)
                pChildNotes->clear();
            cause = Event();
            eventID = 0;
            Override.Volume     = Norm();
            Override.VolumeTime = DEFAULT_NOTE_VOLUME_TIME_S;
            Override.Pitch      = Norm();
            Override.PitchTime  = DEFAULT_NOTE_PITCH_TIME_S;
            Override.Pan        = SNorm();
            Override.PanTime    = DEFAULT_NOTE_PAN_TIME_S;
            Override.Cutoff     = Param();
            Override.Resonance  = Norm();
            Override.Attack     = Param();
            Override.Decay      = Param();
            Override.Sustain    = Norm();
            Override.Release    = Param();
            Override.CutoffAttack  = Param();
            Override.CutoffDecay   = Param();
            Override.CutoffSustain = Norm();
            Override.CutoffRelease = Param();
            Override.AmpLFODepth   = Norm();
            Override.AmpLFOFreq    = Param();
            Override.CutoffLFODepth = Norm();
            Override.CutoffLFOFreq  = Param();
            Override.PitchLFODepth = Norm();
            Override.PitchLFOFreq  = Param();
            Override.VolumeCurve = DEFAULT_FADE_CURVE;
            Override.PitchCurve  = DEFAULT_FADE_CURVE;
            Override.PanCurve    = DEFAULT_FADE_CURVE;
            Override.SampleOffset = -1;
            Format = _Format();
            userPar[0] = 0;
            userPar[1] = 0;
            userPar[2] = 0;
            userPar[3] = 0;
            if (pActiveVoices) {
                typename RTList<V>::Iterator itVoice = pActiveVoices->first();
                typename RTList<V>::Iterator itVoicesEnd = pActiveVoices->end();
                for (; itVoice != itVoicesEnd; ++itVoice) { // iterate through all voices on this key
                    itVoice->VoiceFreed();
                }
                pActiveVoices->clear();
            }
        }
    };

} // namespace LinuxSampler

#endif // LS_NOTE_H